Read My Latest Geographic Commentaries! Free, independent journalism is needed more than ever! 

Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Political Negligence

Aerial view of Washington-National Airport (DCA). Image taken from Engineering-News Record.

Unfortunately, I come to you today with some horrific news. The news, of course, is that American Eagle Flight 5342, a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Wichita to Washington-National, collided with a military helicopter and crashed into the Potomac River.All 67 people on board both aircraft lost their lives. It is the first fatal commercial airline accident in the United States since 2009.

The blame game has started. To be clear, I am not an air safety expert, and I do not know definitively what the investigation will show. However, lots of people online (on both Reddit and BlueSky), as well as former Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg , have been blaming the new Trump administration for the crash. 

These people have a good case. After all, within hours of taking office, Donald Trump fired the head of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), as well as the head of the TSA. Additionally, he has instituted a freeze in hiring new air traffic controllers. You know, the people responsible for making sure aircraft don’t crash into each other in midair. If he replaces these people at all, it will probably be with incompetent loyalists.

So yes - they have a point.

However, I think it’s important to emphasize that if we were going to see a major drop in safety standards for American airspace as a result of Trump taking office, it would have taken a lot longer than ten days to really have an impact. And it’s not like it only takes ten days to become an air traffic controller in some of the world’s busiest airspace from the day you sign up.

Then again, according to this piece from The Guardian, the shortage of air traffic controllers in the United States has lasted for years, which is why we’ve had an increase in near-misses. We are understaffed in this department, and Trump’s decisions haven’t helped matters. But the problem existed before Trump’s second term began, so it’s not entirely on the orange felon.

The elephant in the room is Trump’s press conference that he gave about this crash. I can’t bring myself to watch it, but apparently he kept hammering home the idea that DEI has infected the aviation industry and led to a decrease in safety standards. Whether or not Trump is directly responsible for the tragedy, his rhetoric at the press conference was still highly irresponsible.

As troubling as this is, though, my main point today is not to argue that the tragedy last night at DCA is or is not Donald Trump’s fault. Instead, I want to use this case to illustrate how asymmetric our polarized political environment has become.

Imagine what it would be like if the crash had occurred while a Democrat was President. The Republican-controlled Congress (or even a Congress with a Republican minority) would demand investigations. They would summon the President in for many hours of testimony before every committee in both the House and Senate. Indeed, they’d probably be calling for the pitchforks, especially if that Democratic President had just fired the head of the FAA.

Hillary Clinton during her 11 hours of testimony over the Benghazi attack. Image taken from BBC News.

In fact, you don’t even have to imagine. That’s exactly what happened in 2012 when Hillary Clinton, then the United States Secretary of State, was blamed for the attack on the U.S. Embassy in Benghazi, Libya. Most Americans could not locate Libya on a map, if they’ve heard of the country’s existnece at all. Regardless, it is in fact a tragedy that four Americans perished in this attack. We should indeed have been upset about it, and Secretary Clinton should indeed have been called in to testify. This incident basically tanked Hillary’s future presidential campaign in 2016, leading to Trump’s first presidency. But I’ll get to that later.

Later in Barack Obama’s presidency, an Ebola outbreak occurred in West Africa. To be clear, Ebola sounds like an absolutely horrifying illness that I never want to catch. And the two American deaths that occurred as a result of this outbreak are tragedies. However, the 2014 midterm elections swung massively against the Democrats, and Ebola is a commonly cited reason why. This enabled Donald Trump to enter office in 2016 with as much power as he had.

During the first three years of Trump’s term, we were pretty lucky. There were no major crises affecting the United States that were not of Trump’s own making. In fact, I still remember watching the RNC last year and feeling like I was watching a film adaptation of Orwell’s 1984, because they kept asking the crowd “Are you better off now than you were four years ago in 2019?”

Of course, four years prior to 2024 was not 2019, but 2020, as the archived MSNBC footage that played shortly thereafter reminded us. That was the year when we couldn’t leave our homes without wearing a mask, or were at least advised against it. That was the year when refrigerator trucks held excess dead bodies of COVID victims. Overall, more than a million lives were lost in the United States from the coronavirus. The fear, the isolation, the boredom…that was Trump’s fault after he infamously disbanded the pandemic preparedness team in 2018.

A 2019 Twitter post from Joe Biden about pandemic threats, posted only a few months before the outbreak reached the United States. Screenshotted from Google Images.

Despite the tragic disaster that was Trump’s first presidency and COVID response, the Democrats were utterly unable to effectively saddle Mango Mussolini with this horrendous record in the 2024 election. They let him get away with claiming that 2020 didn’t happen, to the point where the pandemic was basically memory-holed. That’s why Trump won in 2024 - people didn’t remember just how much of a disaster he was. And their buyers’ remorse will only do so much good now.

Republicans never let Obama get away with two Ebola deaths, or Clinton with the four fatalities in the Benghazi attack. The fact that Democrats let Trump get away with over a million deaths from COVID-19 is absolute political negligence, and I’m almost as ashamed to call myself a Democrat as I am an American. I might even switch my voter registration to NPA at this point.

Even if Trump wasn’t directly responsible for this particular plane crash, he has far more than 67 peoples’ blood on his hands. And the Democrats let him get away with it. That’s the real story here.



Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Nobody Asked For This AI Bullshit

The worst feeling on the Internet. Image taken from r/Memes.

I remember the good old days when you’d go to Google Search and type in whatever question you wanted the answer to. You’d be pointed to several sites ranked in roughly the order of how helpful the algorithm thinks they’ll be. To some extent, this is still the case today.

However, whenever you Google a question, you’re presented with an “AI search overview” that basically already answers the question. This leaves aside instances where it doesn’t give you correct information, including this infamous case last year in which people were told to eat glue and rocks.

Now, at first glance, this AI may seem (mostly) harmless, provided nobody actually eats glue and rocks. Never mind that AI is apparently cooking the planet at an alarming rate. But maybe, you figure, we can find a greener way to do it. Maybe we can have more energy-efficient data centers, or run them entirely on renewables the way Iceland already is. And for the sake of argument, I’ll grant you that.

But think about this for a moment: Google’s AI search overview basically removes the need for websites. Nobody’s going to provide traffic to a small website like my own if you’re already given the answer to your question. This is how what some call “late-stage capitalism” works; greedy corporations are going to take over the market, and then they’re going to choke out the competition. There will eventually be no competition. 

Probably the most infuriating part about this AI “revolution” is that nobody really asked for it except the tech companies.

Now, I’m not saying that every scientific breakthrough should need to be voted on democratically. If anything, that might be a bad idea in a country where Donald Trump won the popular vote. Besides, some innovations just happen organically. However, artificial intelligence is going to make life so much worse for the vast majority of the population that I can’t help but feel this “innovation” is forced.

Let’s talk about AI “art.” In many ways, I miss the early days of this era, the halcyon era that was spring 2023. Back then, the most prominent use of AI online was to make public figures play video games. And for the record, the videos of Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Joe Biden trash-talking one another over Wii Sports remain some of the funniest content I’ve ever seen. I’ll never forget this exchange:

Obama: Donald’s in the bunker.

Biden: Bunker? Wait, what happened?

Obama: Bunker in golf, Joe.

Even in those early days of artificial intelligence, there were constant warnings about the nefarious purposes for which this technology could (and inevitably would) be used. The first anti-Biden attack ad of the 2024 campaign (before Biden dropped out of the race) was generated by AI and featured a Chinese invasion of Taiwan. Given that Trump’s now selling out Taiwan, the acronym GOP once more stands for “Gaslight, Obstruct, Project”.

But let’s move on past the geopolitical implications of AI and deep-fakes and talk about the fine arts. We keep hearing stories about AI-generated novels and maybe even movies. In fact, during the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike, which went on for nearly five months, one of the key issues at play was related to the use of AI in Hollywood. As the linked Associated Press article notes, the humans won - for now. 

Still, that was a temporary victory. Humans and the movement for creativity must win every time, whereas our AI-pushing overlords only need to triumph once. On some corners of the Internet, AI has already won.

Take the once-popular website DeviantArt. At one time, it was the go-to platform for anything creative. You could (and still can) post digital artwork, photography, or even fanfiction there. However, as of 2025, it’s fallen out of favor among many artists. The reason? According to this online forum, the site is using submitted artwork to train artificial intelligence. Plus, it’s populated with so much slop that you can’t tell what artwork is genuine and which wasn’t actually produced with a human mind behind it. Consider it a warning sign - a cautionary tale, if you will.

Imagine a world where nobody wants to be creative anymore. Yes, we might still enjoy the AI-generated sitcoms and whatnot (hell, they might already be out there), but on this issue I’m very much a purist. The late science fiction author Harlan Ellison put it best. At one point in the linked 1995 interview, Ellison states that it should cost you something to produce art; otherwise, it’s not art. 

And I agree with this. Even if what we might consider our “souls” is ultimately just a product of our brains, we still need to cherish it. It’s what keeps us human.

Maybe some people will still want to write novels or film movies. However, human-made art may pale in quantity to the AI-generated garbage that’s sure to flood our screens and bookshelves (if bookshelves still remain, that is). Why would anyone go to the trouble of writing a genuine novel when they’d get far more royalties from something a computer wrote for them?

Finally, let’s look at the fields of academia. There’s been a lot of talk about DeepSeek (an open-source Chinese AI model) and ChatGPT lately. Since I’m based in the US and have never been to China, I’ll just talk about ChatGPT here. And if my adventures on Reddit are any indiction, we’re in a lot of trouble.

To share my personal experience, I took a course on Middle East Politics in the fall 2023 semester (an eventful time to be taking such a course, to be sure), and the professor kept harping on to us that we were not allowed to use generative AI to write our essays. Each of us needed to write three essays that semester, and each paper was meant to be turned into AI-detecting software before the professor would read it.

Now, I never used ChatGPT to write my papers, because I have at least a modicum of academic integrity. But I can’t know if any of my classmates did, and apparently the software meant to detect plagiarism or the use of generative AI is far from perfect. It’s none of my business whether the other students honestly wrote their papers, but I know I did. 

My university is far from alone; and indeed, this problem is far from unique to the postgraduate level. All over the country, and probably in other countries as well, teachers are having to adjust their curricula to reflect that some students may be turning to AI to write their assignments. But the AI will keep getting more effective, as ChatGPT and other platforms update, and the teachers will struggle to keep up. 

Most importantly, there are some jobs in which you can’t just look at your notes when you need to do something; being a heart surgeon is one commonly cited example. Medical school is already very expensive in the United States, which could lead to a shortage of such professionals; imagine if the existing surgeons cheated their way to their MD?

Fortunately, there is hope, though not a lot of it. Back in November 2024, an AI-generated ad for Coca-Cola caused a lot of controversy and ridicule. We need to have more backlash like this, keeping the many dangers and disappointments of AI in the spotlight. That’s how we might stand a chance at keeping as much of our humanity as possible.

To the tech companies forcing this on us: None of us wanted AI to take over our lives and destroy the planet. Really, we didn’t. So go fuck yourselves. 

We will take back the human race. We will not be force-fed your dangerous, destructive technology like the duck pictured below. 

A meme of a cartoon character force-feeding a duck AI. This image was found on BlueSky, posted by one Marcus Hutchins at Malwaretech.com.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

We Are All Digitally Divided

A PSA comparing social media algorithms to addictive drugs. Image taken from Hot In Social Media Tips & Tricks

Much has been made of the term “digital divide” in academia. It’s been well-documented, after all, that countries in the Global South tend to have less access to digital technologies such as the Internet. Given the ubiquity of the Internet today, inability to enter the superhighway of information we know as the World Wide Web has become pretty much a deal-breaker if you wish to participate in the global economy.

With the advent of social media, anyone can have their 15 minutes of fame. You can be famous for writing book reviews, famous for playing video games, or even just famous for being famous. If you don’t believe me, this 2024 CNBC poll suggested that over half of Gen Z-ers wanted to be influencers.

You can show off your personal life to anyone who wants to see it. You can live-stream for hours every day, regardless of whether anybody else is watching. In many ways, this world is more connected than ever before…or is it?

I’ll offer a paradoxical thesis: Despite the popularity of social media, human beings are more alone than they have ever been.

Here’s an example. I’m not going to romanticize the age of cable TV - it was all too easy for the TV companies to screw you over with high prices. Of course, it’s the same way with streaming services where you can pick what you want to have access to. But still, in the cable TV era, it was common knowledge what shows were on at what time. Like so many other things in life, you don’t fully understand what you’ve got until it’s gone.

Kids had their Saturday morning cartoons, during which they’d get up at the ass-crack of dawn and bound down the stairs to binge-watch their shows while binge-eating endless bowls of sugary cereal. Adults had their soap operas in the evening that they might watch with their romantic partner. Finally, anyone who couldn’t sleep (possibly including the aforementioned children who lived on Chocolate Frosted Sugar Bombs) would have infomercials at 3 AM.

Calvin telling us how amazing Saturdays are. Taken from Reddit.

I probably sound like a boomer saying this, but I remember when the Boston Globe published TV guides in all of its papers, telling you when your favorite shows would be on. Chances were good that at least some of your neighbors would watch the same things, and you’d bond further with these people over what insane plot twist had just been unveiled or who’d won Wipeout last night.

That’s not the case these days. If I’m at a party with a neighbor, and they recommend a TV show for me to watch, I first have to check to ensure it’s on one of the streaming platforms I pay monthly to remain subscribed to. In all probability, I’ll forget about their recommendation, simply because I’m not interested in the show and it’s not on a channel I prefer. Gone are the days when we bond over shared television series. We’ll never again have a show with as much cultural relevance as Seinfeld or whatever else was popular in the 1990s.

Now let’s talk about the news. Obviously, “the news” has varied from time to time, and it’s very often depressing these days if you’re at all sane. Overindulgence in the media can be harmful to your mental health - that is no secret. But think about this for a moment: When was the last time you saw anyone under age 60 reading a newspaper?

A slide from a presentation I gave a few months ago about how the news used to be, versus how it is now.

I’m not talking about the digital editions of the New York Times, the Boston Globe, or whatever local news outlet is still limping along and breathing like Steve from Amazing Race (if you know, you know). I’m talking about the physical newspaper. The kind that got delivered to your door every day for a small fee.

Now, my mother still gets the Globe, but guess what? She’s 60 years old, and even among people her age, she’s in the minority. My grandmothers also get the physical paper, but they’re obviously much older than sixty. Most people I interact with on a day-to-day basis outside my family get their news from social media. And that’s a problem.

As I write this post, it’s been one week since Donald Trump became President again. Despite being convicted of 34 felony counts, despite having promised to implement tariffs on other countries and tank the economy, and despite Sleepy Joe Biden having dropped out and been replaced by a far more energetic candidate, he still won. In my mind, David Pakman said it best: “Lots of people in this country have no idea what the hell is going on.”

Think about that for a moment. Google searches for terms like “did Joe Biden drop out” reportedly spiked on the day of the election. I don’t know about you, but it was a pretty big news story in my (admittedly liberal) circles. I remember lying on the front porch with COVID, enduring endless coughing fits, when I received the Discord ping that President Biden had withdrawn from the race. 

Once I was no longer testing positive, I joined my family inside to watch Biden’s primetime address from the Oval Office. It was an important occasion, but apparently not for much of the country. That’s because 8 PM is no longer “primetime” for so many people. Instead it’s just another time when you might be watching TV, or, more likely, aimlessly scrolling through social media. 

Many people in the United States are just prisoners of the algorithm. The right-wing echo chambers kept attacking Joe Biden, making the red-hatted Trump supporters think their opponent was the 81-year-old Biden instead of the then 59-year-old Kamala Harris. They were blindsided by their ballots when they discovered their options, because they never learned that Harris had replaced Biden more than three months prior. 

The last thing I’ll address here is the bookstore. Now, even if I’ve been reading a lot lately, I’m well aware that this hobby is falling out of favor among the Generation Alpha crowd. They’d rather play Fortnite for hours on end and watch Skibidi Toilet videos in class.

One reason I prefer to purchase my books from the local bookstore is because I want to support small businesses as opposed to Amazon whenever it’s realistically possible. And yes, I like the human element of entering the building and asking for recommendations from the staff. But there’s an underrated reason why I prefer the physical store.

There’s no algorithm.

If I look up a book on Amazon, there’s always a section on the buy page saying people who bought X also searched for Y, or something to that effect. In the long term, I’ll end up reading largely books of the same genre and similar themes, rather than getting a well-rounded array of titles like I might at the bookstore. Ultimately, if I’m going to keep doing these book reviews in the long term, I want to read a wide variety of novels.

I know this analysis largely comes from an American perspective. Some of the problems I’ve talked about on this blog, such as expensive health care and gun violence, are unique to the United States. And some of the loneliness is brought upon us by car-dependent infrastructure, which is not as pervasive in, say, Western Europe. 

That being said, the U.S. is not the only country where social media algorithms have been deployed. And I’m not even going to say that the algorithms are all bad; there are too many videos on YouTube to know what the average user might like without any data.

However, anyone who values personal interaction should be wary of these algorithms. After all, technology is not neutral, no matter how much we’d like to think it is. 

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

We Need To Talk About Elon

Elon Musk jumping in the shape of an X onstage at a Trump rally. Image taken from NPR.

Elon Musk is the richest man in the world. As of the moment I write this post, his net worth is well over four hundred billion dollars, and it’s rapidly growing to boot. 

To put that into perspective, imagine that you had $400 billion USD. In practical terms, you could never spend all that money in a human lifetime, unless you’re about to become immortal. Which is far from impossible given just how much technology has advanced in recent decades. Even so, that’s an insane amount of money, and Musk is evidently using it to buy the U.S. government.

Given his close alliance with now-President Donald Trump (as much as it pains me to utter those words), Musk has been in the news a lot lately. And, given just how much Trump’s mind has been going over the last few years, Elon Musk is effectively already President of the United States. It doesn’t matter that he’s technically ineligible to be commander in chief - he is Trump’s “puppet master.”

During the “celebrations” surrounding Trump’s inauguration the other day, one moment in particular has captured the Internet’s attention. Given just how taboo the gesture is in a civilized society, I will not put an actual picture of it in this article; to me, it’s equivalent to using the N-word with a hard R. But yes, I am referring to the moment when Elon Musk gestured at the ceiling with his right arm slanted toward the heavens.

The New York Times, in their infinite anticipatory obedience, have described “speculation”  being drawn over the gesture. Quite frankly, I struggled over my decision to even include that link there, because the New York Times has arguably enabled Trump more than any politician. A broken clock is right twice a day. The media is indeed the enemy of the people, because their sane-washing of the MAGA movement helped them return to power.

The other claim I want to address is that Elon Musk, who is autistic, was merely stimming. I want to be clear about one thing: I’m on the autism spectrum myself, and I remember rocking back and forth a lot as a child. Even now, I love rocking chairs and hammocks. These days my stims are mostly vocal, but I do rock and flap on occasion. Sometimes it weirds people out; I get it.

But let me make one thing clear: You don’t make that gesture by accident.

The salute Elon Musk made at the inauguration is one with a very dark past. The people who popularized it were responsible for one of the most horrific events of the last few centuries. The Nazi salute is now associated with the Holocaust, the systematic murder of six million Jews and millions of other “undesirables” in Europe. And no, another visit to Auschwitz is not going to make us believe Elon isn’t anti-Semitic.

Indeed, Germany, the country whose government spearheaded these atrocities, is now among the most progressive countries on Earth. It’s far more progressive than the United States, at any rate, when it comes to bigotry in all its forms. There are in fact laws against Holocaust denial, and if you make that salute in public, you will probably be arrested. Here, we let Elon get a pass.

I’m not saying Elon Musk is going to commit genocide against six million Americans, but what I am saying is that he knew what gesture he was making, and was happy with how it would be perceived. Or at least, he wasn’t so unhappy that he would decide not to make it. And I know that the neo-Nazis and white supremacists seem to love it.

Another moment I want to touch upon is the one pictured below. It’s from the “Victory Rally” Donald Trump held the night prior to being sworn in as the 47th President of the United States.

Donald Trump at his “Victory Rally” on January 19, 2025. Image taken from ABC News’ website.

During this event, Trump claimed that Elon Musk “knows computers better than anybody. All those computers. Those vote-counting computers. And we won Pennsylvania by a landslide.” Now, if you call a 1.7% margin of victory a landslide, sure. It was a landslide. It was even enough to narrowly drag former three-term US Senator Bob Casey Jr. under the line. But that’s not the most important moment from this speech.

As much as I hate Elon Musk, he’s an incredibly tech-savvy individual; I’ll give him that. He manipulated the Twitter algorithm to prioritize hateful content, to the point where the site is virtually unusable except by users who love such content. Trump’s right about this.

Yes, on its own, the passage above is a non sequitur. But if you replace “and” with “so” in the last sentence, Trump appeared to state that Musk helped him cheat in the 2024 election and steal Pennsylvania from Kamala Harris.

There are two options here: Either Trump got confused again just like he did about whether or not there were airports in 1776, or he admitted to election fraud. And to be clear, I think the former option is more probable. It’s still not the sort of thing to joke about, even if Trump most likely got every single vote that was counted for him. Then again, Trump won’t tone down the rhetoric, not even when it almost got Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer kidnapped.

The most important thing to note is that Elon Musk is, right now, the most powerful person in the world. He has more power than Trump, Vladimir Putin, or even Xi Jinping. His power may not end with the United States. While I think other countries’ voters are smarter than Americans, only time will tell, and Musk has endorsed far-right parties all over Europe, something German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has acknowledged and condemned.

An image the Democratic Party posted on social media. Where was this energy from Democratss during the election? Image taken from the People’s Party website.

Some people think the bromance between Trump and Musk will be short-lived, that we’ll run into “trouble in paradise” early on in the administration. I hate to say it, but I believe this is likely false.

Remember, Elon Musk is the richest man in the world by far. He might even be a trillionaire in two years. If any Republican member of Congress waffles a bit on Trump’s legislative agenda, Musk has the wealth to single-handedly fund a primary challenger to that disloyal Republican. Even if incumbency is difficult to overcome in a primary, Musk can bully sitting Congresspeople and Senators into submission via the mere threat of a primary. As long as Musk offers that to Trump, I don’t see these two breaking up any time soon.

So what can we do? 

Well, the obvious answer would have been to not elect Donald Trump as President, but that ship has unfortunately sailed. Failing that, it makes sense to boycott the platform Xitter (X/Twitter, pronounced “shitter”) as long as Musk owns it. It’s become a far-right, hateful cesspool that no decent person should support. 

Furthermore, though he’s not quite as evil as Musk, Jeff Bezos, owner of the Washington Post, deserves condemnation for blocking his newspaper’s endorsement of Kamala Harris. When possible, we should aim to support local retail businesses as opposed to Amazon. All the books I’ve reviewed so far were purchased at small bookstores. To be clear, even if Harris had won, we should still have been doing this - Trump’s policies just make it more urgent.

So if you want to support journalism and book reviews, please consider subscribing to my newsletter. It would mean a lot.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

A Rant On American Culture

Facade of the Boston Public Library. I took this photo myself. Aren’t this many flags a bit excessive?

Whenever I rant about the state of the United States and feel like running my fist through a wall or yelling something I’m going to regret, people often claim that “all countries have their problems.” And maybe they do, but I feel like that statement is a cop-out.

 Not only are many problems not unique to a nation, but problems are not equal in their scale or scope. Some flaws in nations are worse than others, but the worst national sin in my opinion is the inability to solve problems when they arise. The thing I hate most about America is that no matter how many people protest in support of a policy that’s taken for granted in another country, nothing ever changes for the better. This stands in stark contrast to other countries, where demonstrations do lead to social change. 

Let’s talk about gun violence first of all. Among wealthy nations, the United States is a major outlier on this issue. The United Kingdom had one school shooting in 1996, the Dunblane massacre, and then they issued a buyback program. Like the 2012 Sandy Hook shooting in the United States, an elementary school was targeted. It’s horrific that Dunblane happened at all, but at least something was done, whereas it’s often said Sandy Hook was the end of the gun control debate on this side of the pond.

Australia also had a high-profile mass killing in 1996, the Port Arthur massacre, and then they issued a gun buyback program. Port Arthur, Tasmania was and is a tourist destination, so you might compare this to the Las Vegas shooting in 2017. Nothing was done after Vegas except the banning of bump stocks, which was overturned in 2024 by the Supreme Court. And nothing will ever be done.

Australia’s Royal Flying Doctor Service tending to a patient. For free, as Reddit will love to remind you. Image taken from r/Pics.

Now let’s talk about health care. The United States is famously the only country where health care costs any significant amount of money, to the point where there’s a popular TV series where a man resorts to cooking crystal meth to pay his medical bills. And let’s be real: Just like with gun control, if nothing changed after the COVID-19 pandemic, nothing will ever change. Instead we elected a President who just rescinded Biden’s executive order to make prescription drugs cheaper. So if anything, it will become far worse.

I’ll be honest: I’m a bit of a pessimist by nature, but even I never thought that the loss of over a million people to COVID would have been memory-holed so easily. If we couldn’t make healthcare cheaper, then at least we could maybe not elect the man responsible for those million deaths to hold the highest office in the land again. 

But that’s exactly what we did. We forgot about COVID just like we forgot about mass shootings, only on a far greater scale. That’s how depraved this country is.

And yet, it still gets worse. 

Climate change is upon us. The year 2024 was the hottest year on record globally, and we’re sure breaking a lot of records, aren’t we? The day after the most recent election, it was in the upper seventies in Massachusetts, in November, and I felt like the weather was mocking us for electing Donald Trump.

Oh yeah, did I mention that we elected Donald Trump? He literally just withdrew from the Paris climate accords last night when nobody was watching. In 2017, this was a major spectacle during which Trump gave a laughable speech about having the cleanest air and cleanest water. This time, crickets. The only three other countries that aren’t in the agreement are Iran, Libya, and Yemen. Look at the company we’re keeping - two failed states and a theocratic dictatorship. The best people, the best.

Now, in practical terms, I don’t know how much the Paris agreement matters given that it’s non-binding even for its remaining signatories. Private companies are still reducing their emissions (for now). And let’s be honest, most other countries aren’t doing quite enough either, even if they’re doing far more than the United States in terms of switching to renewable energy. But if nothing else, it’s bad PR for the USA and makes us a major pariah globally. Which we should be. 

Climate disasters are not unique to the United States, but again - they’re doing more to mitigate them elsewhere. As Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany and others ramp up their renewable capacity, Los Angeles is ravaged by fires. The most significant U.S. response to these increasingly intense wildfires is a mediocre CBS TV show about conventionally attractive firefighters. Just look at it

Official CBS promotional image for “Fire Country.” Image taken from Kate Hamberger’s website.

In my mind, the biggest problem with the United States is the culture.

When I visited downtown Boston the other day, I walked past the Boston Public Library (pictured at the top of this article). It wasn’t the only building with an American flag on it, and I think that’s really quite telling.

Look at this way: In my mind, if you are American like me, there is nothing to be proud of. This is the worst country in the world, at least in terms of what we do to other countries, and we should be ashamed of our flag. But even in countries that are far greater nations by any objective standard, “flag worship” isn’t a thing to nearly the same extent. Redditors from outside the United States are always very proud to tell you that they hardly ever see their own country’s flag flown, even in front of government buildings. This thread is a great example.

Furthermore, the Pledge of Allegiance is pretty fucked up as well. There’s an American flag in almost every public school classroom, whether its community may be black or white, urban or rural, rich or poor. Every morning, students put their heads on their hearts and face the flag, saying a series of lines about pledging allegiance to the flag. Like, it’s just a piece of fabric! If you saw it in another country, or even in an evangelical church here, you’d probably think it’s a brainwashing ritual.

And yet, in many ways, the United States is like a cult. Despite ample evidence to the contrary, we tell our children stories about how we’re the greatest country in the world. And maybe we were at one point - putting a man on the moon first was pretty neat. But no longer. And if we want to be that great nation again, we need to make it that way.

Now, there’s a famous saying “Your freedom to swing your arms ends in my face”. In other words, you can do whatever you want as long as you’re not harming anyone else. 

If electing Trump only impacted the United States, that would be one thing. I still wouldn’t have voted for him, but it wouldn’t be such a crime against humanity to make Donald Trump President. However, the fact is that we remain among the most powerful and influential nations on Earth (even if we’re not the greatest). Progress against climate change was at stake, as were the nuclear codes amid existing wars in Ukraine, the Middle East, and elsewhere. And that assumes Trump doesn’t start new wars by invading Panama, Greenland, or even Canada.

In other words, it’s going to be a very long four years.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Why Gaming Sucks Now

A Simpsons meme about the gaming industry taken from r/Memes.

Cory Doctorow, science fiction author and all-around tech nerd, popularized the term “enshittification” in November 2022 to describe the decline in the quality of online services over time. I won’t use Doctorow’s own words here, simply because I think my readers want to know what I believe as opposed to what someone else does. If you want to know what Doctorow thinks about enshittification, you should read his blog, not mine.

We’ve all been acquainted with this concept in recent years. After Elon Musk purchased Twitter and made it virtually unusable for anyone who’s not a wannabe fascist, the platform has been upheld as an example of decay. In many cases, of course, the enshittification is more gradual than this, but it’s still a big problem. 

It’s not just limited to social media either. These days, whenever you ask a question on Google, there’s an AI search overview for your very question. That’s right: As AI cooks the planet, you’ll receive whatever some higher-up at Google thinks you should see. This really takes the wind out of smaller websites like mine. And sometimes the AI overview isn’t even factually correct! 

Possibly the most infuriating thing about this Google AI is that nobody really asked for it. That being said, you can turn it off with this extension called “Bye-Bye, Google AI”. And no, I’m not sponsored by the developers - I just love their extension.

However, today’s article is not about the Internet, but rather about a medium that’s increasingly tethered to the Internet - video games. It’s been said before, but I’ve come to the inescapable conclusion that video games are getting worse. 

Let’s go back to the good old days, the bygone ancient time period we know as the 1980s. Back then, you’d go to the store, find an NES cartridge that looked appealing, and fork over however much money it cost. And the best part? Once you handed over the green stuff, you were done spending money. You just got to enjoy the game.

Nowadays, it’s different. Games have found new ways to get your cash. They’ll make you fork over small pockets of dough at first for a new Fortnite skin, and you’ll think: It’s not so bad, I’m only paying $5 for my character to look like Sonic the Hedgehog. But then you just keep spending, and before long you’ve given them enough dough to start a bakery. Here’s a humorous yet infuriating video about microtransactions.

And that’s before we even talk about DLC! I swear, developers these days have realized they can make more moolah just by releasing the initial game in a half-finished state. On launch day, all too many long-anticipated AAA titles are plagued by numerous glitches and generally don’t work. In the words of Kyle Justin, “they rip you off and don’t care one bit!”

Another aspect of enshittification in the gaming industry is the lack of innovation with new titles. Now, part of that isn’t the fault of developers. At a certain point, there are only so many ideas that can be experimented with, and graphics can’t get more realistic than real life. (Personally, I don’t think a game has to look realistic to have “good graphics” - there’s a reason Okami is considered one of the best games ever made. But that’s just me.)

But I think it speaks to the modern economy that nobody wants to take risks anymore. If a AAA developer has determined that it’s more profitable to pump out endless cookie-cutter titles each year as opposed to coming up with a fresh idea, then they’re going to select the option that nets them more currency. Companies want to make money. In other news, water is wet and the Pope is Catholic.

Anyway, I literally had to search Google (with my AI-disabling extension) for how many Call of Doody: Brown Plops games there were! And guess what? There are six. SIX! And that’s not even counting Modern Garbage. Garbage in, garbage out - that’s the story of the mainstream gaming industry these days.

If the current era of AAA gaming is the Great Depression, indie titles are the New Deal. There’s a reason why so many of the most beloved games of the last decade, like Deltarune, were made without the support of giant, greedy studios. Because small developers have less to lose, they’re willing to take risks and experiment, giving us masterpieces. But the indie scene is struggling in the current economy, and even when it succeeds, there’s plenty of trash. You’ve just gotta find a few gold coins amid the hundreds of Call of Doody: Brown Plops titles - did you really think I was done making fun of that franchise?

Finally, let’s talk about the format of modern games. I want to be clear that not all current games are like this; there are still plenty of story-driven titles being released to critical acclaim. However, let’s be real: ESports scholarships are not going out to players who speedrun games like Okami that have actual plots. 

Instead, today’s biggest hitters include Fortnite, League of Legends, Valorant, Rainbow Six Siege, Hell Divers, and of course Minecraft. None of these games have any story whatsoever. Very often, you’ll need a Battle Pass in order to actually play them, which costs you additional greenbacks. And don’t forget the microtransactions!

A Toy Story meme about microtransactions, taken from the Vulcan Post.

Most games that are widely played by my friends on Discord are online games, matching strangers up against one another based on some Elo system. They’re highly competitive, and I’m not even saying that competition is inherently bad, but some kids take it way too far. I remember being ten years old and getting very frustrated trying to stay above 7,500 VR on Mario Kart Wii, to the point where it was affecting my mental health. I’d either be relieved or frustrated upon finishing a match, and in the latter case all I’d want to do is play again to regain points (or potentially lose more). 

But here’s the striking thing about it: Even if you are massively successful in the game and attain a Platinum rating, nobody cares.

That’s it. Being a master at League of Legends isn’t going to gratify you if you have no friends in real life (COVID and maybe bird flu pandemics notwithstanding), if you don’t read books, and if you don’t take care of your physical and mental well-being. You’re not accomplishing much in the real world other than bragging rights, and nobody who doesn’t play the same mind-numbing online game as you will set any store by it. They likely won’t even know what you’re talking about.

I’m not a particularly religious person, but one thing I’m pretty confident about is that humans were not put on this Earth to sit in front of screens all day raging at some Fortnite griefer from halfway around the world. We’re meant to produce art. We’re meant to connect with people in real life. We’re meant to have real experiences instead of crafting intricate worlds to avoid reality.

I rarely play video games these days. Simply put, it feels like a chore now, and upon spending some time in the StopGaming community on Reddit, I’ve learned even more how addictive it can be. Excessive gaming can destroy lives, in some cases literally, but many people simply can’t play in moderation. 

 I’m not going to say I don’t have my own vices - we all do - but after reading the story of one Cam Adair, I’m very glad I don’t game for hours on end anymore. It just isn’t as fun as it used to be, and there are so many better things I could be doing with my time. You only get so much time on this planet, after all. 

This post was admittedly all over the place at times, but if even one person reads this and decides that they’ll put down the controller, at least for a brief time, and think of something more productive to do (even for just 30 minutes), it’s worth it to me. 

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

American Idiots

A Pink Floyd meme about double negatives taken from Flickr.

People often say that children are our future. This is in fact the case; today’s children are going to one day be adults, and they will have to keep our society going via the wide variety of jobs that must be done. We will need future doctors, future construction workers, future custodians, future air traffic controllers…you get the idea.

Despite the importance of training current children to be prepared for adult life and the workforce, K-12 teachers are notoriously underpaid, at least in the United States. The average American public school teacher made just under $70,000 during the 2022-23 school year. Maybe it’s more in other countries, but in one of the nations with the most “hard power” globally, this is a crisis.

Teaching has always been a difficult, demanding job, but it’s only become more so in recent years with both the rise of school violence and the increasingly-unhinged school board Karens. It’s gotten a lot worse since 2021 or so…more on that later.

Now, it’s commonly said that the Republican Party wants students to be dumb. If kids don’t know how to think critically, if they have no idea what’s going on, they will vote for the GOP because they don’t know any better. That’s what they say.

For what it’s worth, I agree with that assessment.

As a progressive myself, I agree that education is incredibly important, and that teachers should be paid more. I’m disturbed by the increasing number of school boards that have promoted the teaching of falsehoods like creationism or the idea that systemic racism has never existed in the United States. To be clear, I was only taught about creationism in the context of “here’s what some people think, and here’s the evidence that they’re wrong”, and I graduated high school prior to the critical race theory panic. 

But then again, I live in Massachusetts, considered to have some of the world’s best schools (if you don’t get shot, that is). Forrest Valkai, on the other hand, is from Oklahoma, where the educational standards are more…questionable. This video of Valkai’s, for instance, claims that only 28% of American students are properly taught evolution, which is just insane. If students aren’t even taught basic biology, perhaps it’s no wonder so many adults here deny climate change. 

However, the creation-evolution “controversy” is just the tip of the iceberg. I think even a lot of progressives, who by and large value education, don’t fully appreciate the crisis that’s barreling toward us like one of Japan’s bullet trains.

First, let’s talk about the dumbing down of educational curricula. I graduated from a pretty small high school in 2019. In 11th grade, we read classic American novels like The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Grapes of Wrath. They’re considered contenders, in fact, for the title of Great American Novel, and even if you don’t personally enjoy them, you can appreciate that they’re well-written and contain complex themes. 

In 12th grade, my English course was about British literature. I had to read Pride and Prejudice and conduct a research project on George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. During both my junior and senior years of high school, there was a lot of writing involved, as should be expected of a course on literature. Even beyond what my educational institution required of me, I started writing fanfiction around my sixteenth birthday and continued off and on for a number of years. 

The point is, I knew how to write. And the sad truth is, lots of kids these days don’t.

More than that, however, is the fact that today’s students don’t even know how to read. According to this piece on the Education Trust website, the “nation’s report card” found that less than half of U.S. fourth-graders (43%, to be exact) scored at or above a proficient level in reading. For what it’s worth, this number was considerably lower for students of color or those with disabilities; given the aforementioned systemic racism, that shouldn’t be much of a surprise.

Author Jeff Kinney with Pope Francis, who is reading one of the “Diary of a Wimpy Kid” books. Image taken from the Wall Street Journal.

One of America’s foremost literacy advocates these days is Jeff Kinney, the author of the Diary of a Wimpy Kid books. Given that those books aren’t the most intellectually stimulating fare out there, Kinney may appear an unlikely face of this movement. But he apparently runs his own bookstore, and the efforts of Kinney, a practicing Catholic, even caught the attention of Pope Francis some years ago.

Even though my brother and I are both in our mid-twenties, we still think Wimpy Kid is the funniest shit ever. It’s basically a realistic dystopia told in the most hilarious way possible. And hey, if it gets today’s children reading, then that’s awesome.

However, Kinney himself stated in a 2018 BBC interview that he “couldn’t get his kids off Fortnite”. He was able to save other peoples’ children from the brain-rot, but not his own. And indeed, Fortnite, theoretically one of the most addictive video games ever developed, is not the only obstacle to making kids read.

There’s also TikTok. Earlier today as I write this, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that the social media platform could be banned in the United States. To be clear, this is a worrying case of censorship, and something else will fill the void of brain-rot like Skibidi Toilet or whatnot. 

That being said, I’m not going to shed too many tears for TikTok, because it’s a cancer on society. There’s plenty of evidence that it’s reduced the average attention span, which makes sense considering how that platform really emphasizes instant gratification and entertainment. 

And hey, I get it - I’m autistic. I still adore rocking chairs and hammocks. Even now, I need stimulation sometimes; it just takes the form of vocal stims and off-key singing these days. But we need to be able to tolerate boredom sometimes, something I’ve learned the hard way all too often. Especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, a time period during which many of us were on our screens constantly.

Now let’s talk about the horrifying implications of declining attention spans and dramatically reduced academic performance. 

Imagine a world where a heart surgeon needs to consult ChatGPT in order to know how to perform a bypass operation. Imagine an architect who’s unaware which construction materials are most resistant to hurricanes, an ever-increasing threat in an age of climate crisis. Imagine a shortage of pilots because students can’t study for their exams. 

And picture a world where there aren’t nearly enough teachers to instill a work ethic in modern children. Given the difficulties and dangers I’ve highlighted above, I don’t blame any individual for not wanting to go into the field of education. However, someone’s gotta do it. 

Ultimately, this is why I read. Yes, it keeps me from doomscrolling and gives me something to do whenever I just want to run my fist through a wall at Trump’s threats to invade Canada or Greenland. 

But I also want to keep my mind sharp and resist the brain-rot. I’m going to maintain my intellectual curiosity and academic integrity, because the alternative is that society will get…

Movie poster for “Dumb and Dumber.” Image taken from eBay.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

There Is No Bottom

As of the time of writing this, Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA) has announced that she will vote to confirm Pete Hegseth as Donald Trump’s Secretary of Defense. This is a big shoe dropping in favor of Hegseth’s confirmation, because Ernst, a veteran and sexual assault survivor herself, was viewed as one of the Republicans who might have voted against him. Given this endorsement, it appears almost certain that Hegseth will be confirmed.

Let’s talk about Pete Hegseth. In my mind, I see him as evidence that Trump’s second term is going to be far more unhinged than the first. However you felt about Jim Mattis, Trump’s first Secretary of Defense, he was at least qualified for the job as a former four-star general. By contrast, Hegseth holds no qualifications other than being a Fox News host who looks good on TV; besides loyalty, that is perhaps what Donald Trump values most of all in his Cabinet.

Additionally, Hegseth faces numerous allegations of impropriety. According to this Democracy Now article, he has been accused of sexual misconduct and drunkenness at work. He’s also made statements disparaging women and LGBTQ+ people who serve in the military. Now, I’m not a big fan of the military anyway, and if there’s anything good that comes out of Hegseth’s impending confirmation, it’s that he’ll bring to light how rotten the U.S. military is as an institution. 

But the fact remains that he’ll almost assuredly be Secretary of Defense, and he might well order the military to fire on peaceful protestors. That’s the whole point of firing civil servants who voted for Kamala Harris and putting in Project 2025. Trump told us exactly what he was going to do, and all too many of us thought he was the lesser evil. If Trump truly wants to invade Canada and make our northern neighbor the 51st state, do you think Pete Hegseth will stand in his way? 

In the grand scheme of things, I suppose it shouldn’t be too surprising that Ernst would vote for Hegseth despite her past. Every Senator had to evacuate the U.S. Capitol on January 6 when a mob violently stormed the building and tried to have them murdered. Not only did the man who incited that mob not get any jail time, he was elected President again and will be able to pass his agenda with the full support of his party. It’s a cult, led by a senile criminally-liable rapist who used to be a Z-list celebrity.

Hegseth isn’t the only horrendous Trump nominee who’s almost guaranteed to be confirmed. There is also Robert F. Kennedy Jr., last seen threatening to spoil the election against Kamala Harris due to being on the ballot in many swing states. He’s now been nominated to lead the Department of Health and Human Services despite being an anti-vaxxer whose rhetoric led to a measles outbreak in Samoa.

In the immediate aftermath of the 2024 presidential election, RFK Jr. stated that he would not take away anyone’s vaccines. He would not seek to ban immunizations - it was a matter of choice. However, given how the last decade has gone, how the “doomers” have been right more often than they have been wrong, I can’t help but think of this example:

Donald Trump announces Brett Kavanaugh as his Supreme Court nominee in 2018. Image taken from the PBS News website.

That’s right. During their confirmation hearings, Supreme Court Injustices Gorey Gorsuch, Gang Bang Brett, and the Contagious ACB all insisted that Roe v. Wade was settled law. They claimed they would not vote to overturn the constitutional right to an abortion.

Well, guess what? They did. In 2022, Roe v. Wade was overturned, meaning that these same three Injustices committed perjury. Because of our archaic Constitution that designates the nine Supreme Court members as basically imperial overlords, there’s no way to hold them accountable. And since they ruled that Trump was above the law and could do whatever he wanted in office, there’s no way to hold him accountable either.

So here’s what’s most likely going to happen. During his confirmation hearings, RFK Jr. will “assure” Republican Senators that he isn’t going to ban vaccines. The GOP Senators who were previously on the fence will claim to believe him, and they will vote to confirm an anti-vaccine activist to head the HHS Department. Make no mistake: Even if bird flu doesn’t turn into a global pandemic on the scale of COVID-19, there will be plenty of vaccine-preventable illnesses and deaths as a result. When that happens, Susan Collins will feign surprise, making the face below when Kennedy does, in fact, ban vaccines and bring polio back.

“Surprised Pikachu” meme. Image taken from WIRED.

As horrendous as these policies are, however, I see no incentive for the GOP members of Congress to resist.

Now, let me clarify what I mean by that. I don’t say this because I lack conviction that vaccines are safe and essential, or that the Department of Defense must be run by someone who knows what the hell they’re doing. Rather, I mean that there’s no political incentive for people like Senator Joni Ernst to vote down these Cabinet picks.

Have you ever wondered why there haven’t been nearly the mass protests that there were after Trump’s first election? Well, other than the Kyle Rittenhouse precedent stating that you can shoot demonstrators in cold blood and literally get away with murder, Trump won the popular vote this time. He’s been normalized.

Yes, had Harris won the election, Trump would still have gotten 45% of the vote at minimum due to how polarized the country has become. However, the fact that more people voted for Trump than Harris means that people are less viscerally angry at the election being “unfair.” And as much as I hate Donald Trump, he did not steal the 2024 election. He won it fair and square, and that’s the worst part of all.

So no. The GOP Congress is not going to vote against any of Trump’s agenda, even if he tries to invade Canada. The American public has voted that there should be no limits to his power, and they voted for members of Congress who believe the same. 

It’s too fucking late. The GOP is going to do what they will, and the American people are going to suffer what we must. Don’t say I didn’t warn you. 


Read More
Lyrical Analysis, Blog, Billy Talent Lucas Brigham Lyrical Analysis, Blog, Billy Talent Lucas Brigham

My Favorite Songs: “Big Red Gun” by Billy Talent

Cover art for Billy Talent’s “Big Red Gun.” Image taken from Spotify.

Billy Talent, a musical quartet hailing from Mississauga, Ontario, Canada (the city that looks like a giant office park from the air), have been one of my favorite bands for several years. And yes, in this case, several does mean seven - long live David Jelinsky!

In all seriousness, Billy Talent’s lyrics very often tackle difficult topics. They’ve got tunes about unrequited love, trophy wives, and plenty of political songs in case you weren’t sure if they were a punk band or not. One of their most aggressive songs is the first track off their 2016 album Afraid of Heights, which is titled “Big Red Gun.”

If you care to listen to the lyrics as you read this blog post, make sure you have headphones. The song is very loud, and you don’t want any passers-by to get the wrong idea if they hear you listening to it. Especially if you live in America. 

Brothers in arms who share my fears,

Time to protect what you hold dear.

This line refers to the “camaraderie” between gun owners, particularly those who are in the National Rifle Association. To be clear, polling in recent years has suggested that even a majority of gun owners support gun control , but Billy Talent was obviously aiming for a caricature. And who can blame them? Second Amendment fanatics claim to own firearms for protection despite research suggesting that these weapons are more likely to kill a friend or family member than an intruder.

There's been a rise in new ideals,

Threatening to change the way we live.

This is how the “Second Amendment People” react to any attempt to tighten America’s gun laws. In reality, there hasn’t really been a rise in “new ideals”, because the gun control debate ended when nothing was done after Sandy Hook. I’ve said it before, but if you were going to write about a fictional event that would make Americans support gun control, you couldn’t do much “better” than Sandy Hook. Instead people embraced conspiracy theories and ensured that nothing would ever be done.

Who knows what trouble's found a way,

Found a way to your door today?

Who knows what trouble's on its way,

On its way to intimidate?

The Republican Party always loves to push a bogeyman, because that’s the main way they win (besides voter suppression, that is). In 2018 it was the migrant caravan that mysteriously vanished after that year’s midterm election. Actually, migrants from the southern border with Mexico are always a scapegoat. Because you can never know what’s going to come next, it’s best to have a gun at all times. At least, that’s what they say.

All I want is a big red gun!

(Oh, yeah, yeah, oh)

I'm gonna shoot, shoot, shoot at the setting sun!

(Oh, yeah, yeah, oh)

And all I want is a big red gun,

I'm gonna shoot, shoot, shoot 'till the thrill is gone!

This is the first part of the song’s chorus, which brings to mind a Western film in which an outlaw fires a pistol at the approaching dusk. I mean, that’s literally what the narrator says he’ll do. The narrator isn’t using his gun for any practical purpose either (not that they’re good for anything but hunting and killing) - he’s just firing away for the fun of it. This fits in with the gun culture we see in the United States; I mean, a sitting Congresswoman used to own a restaurant where “open carry” has nothing to do with takeout. It’s totally cringe-worthy.

'Cause this is my right no matter the cost.

Get outta my sight when baby's got a big red gun!

(Oh, yeah, yeah, oh)

Baby's got a big red gun!

(Oh, yeah, yeah, oh)

It doesn’t matter whether the shootings happen at a concert, a nightclub, a university, an elementary school, or a house of worship. Second Amendment fanatics keep insisting that it’s their right to own weapons of war, no matter how many people must die in places that are supposed to be safe. In terms of the “baby” line, we keep hearing those stories of 2-year-olds who accidentally shoot themselves with their parents’ weapons. And then there’s Congressman Thomas Massie’s infamous Christmas card.

Congressman Thomas Massie (R-KY) posing with his family and their weapons for a Christmas card. Image taken from the BBC News website.

Pride is a weapon in your hand.

Freedom awards the faithful man.

I hear the message loud and clear,

Straight from his lips into my ear.

And lord I just can't walk away,

Walk away from the enemy.

The law will never disagree,

On the target of my insecurities.

We constantly hear about how proud gun owners are to be gun owners; this is hardly ground-breaking. “Freedom awards the faithful man”...yeah, well, I want to be able to walk around in public without the fear of being randomly shot. The part of this verse that resonates most with me is “the law will never disagree on the target of my insecurities”. The narrator of this song wants a big red gun so that he feels strong and powerful. No matter how high-caliber his weapon may be, however, he’s still just a pathetic, insecure human being who wants to project bravado.

We call them twisted and deranged,

(Baby's got a big red gun!)

But we gave them the keys to annihilate!

(Baby's got a big red gun!)

How long before the next one's in the ground?

(Baby's got a big red gun!)


After every high-profile mass shooting, the right-wing calls the perpetrator a twisted, deranged man (because it’s almost always a man). However, the pro-gun policies pushed by a certain political group ensured that this twisted, deranged man had access to the assault weapon of his choice to mow down many people at once. How long before the next one’s in the ground? Well, probably less than a day.

So proud of all your history,

But history made a big mistake.

(Baby's got a big red gun!)

The judge and jury stand before you now.

(Baby's got a big red gun!)

The United States Constitution, which the right-wing loves to extoll even as they trample all over parts of it (like the Fourteenth Amendment, the one that prohibits those who have incited insurrection from holding political office), is notoriously difficult to change. This stands in stark contrast to countries like France, where the Constitution is a living document that changes with the times when it’s warranted. If I had to guess, I think it’ll be at least fifty years before the Democrats and Republicans agree on something important enough to warrant another amendment.

Furthermore, the people who wrote the Second Amendment also believed that women shouldn’t be allowed to vote and that it was okay to own black people as property. We shouldn’t treat what they say as gospel, and yet our archaic “legal” system ensures that it will forever be that way. What a sick, depraved country we are.

'Cause baby's got a big red gun!

Baby's got a big red gun!

Baby's got a big red gun!

Oh Momma what have I become?

That last line is just perfect. When various other countries have issued travel warnings against you, when your society has very little internal trust at all, and every community is touched by gun violence at some point, there’s only one question that really needs to be asked: What have we become? What sick, twisted society allows schoolchildren to be slaughtered in their classrooms? Do we really have any moral high ground to criticize any other nation?

I don’t think so. The United States is the worst country in the world, and that’s why Billy Talent’s “Big Red Gun” is an amazing song.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Comparison Is The Enemy of Joy

There are many things I do that I really shouldn’t. To some extent, it’s normal to be caught up in vices - it’s the reason the city of Las Vegas even exists.

However, I also believe it needs to be said that not all of these vices are healthy to engage in. One of them is related to a term that’s become quite commonplace in the age of the Internet. To be sure, social media has significantly popularized any term that consists of an abbreviation, but FOMO is especially potent.

FOMO, an acronym for Fear Of Missing Out, is very often exacerbated by seeing someone on a social platform, particularly a figure you may look up to, doing something you wish you could be doing as well.

I’ll give an example. As of the time of writing this, I’d just finished a wonderful morning of skiing with my father. We’d each enjoyed a bowl of the most delicious ramen I’ve ever had outside of Japan. And I mean it - that stuff tastes like it was made with fresh ingredients, not the packaged shit loaded with sodium that is so often seen in the States. 

However, once I had the chance to check Discord again on my phone, I opened said app. And that’s when the pang of FOMO hit me right between the eyes.

A friend of mine, whose username I will not print here (and whose real name I don’t know) had completed a very popular, and incredibly thought-provoking, fanfiction. They’d been working on it for several years (several meaning seven), and I couldn’t help but feel proud of them. 

Indeed, I was damn happy for them. If you’ve never worked on a long-term project like that, you can probably never appreciate just how rewarding it is to mark it as complete. To some extent, I don’t even know how it feels.

But the fact remains that besides being pleased, I also felt extremely jealous of this friend. I wish I could say that I’d been able to commit to a fanfiction like that and chisel away at it over a period of months to years. Indeed, I’ve abandoned more stories than I care to count, so to see someone hang up a trophy of having completed something that major…well, it certainly promotes FOMO.

Beyond the realm of fanfiction, FOMO can manifest in many other ways. As a terminally online young man, I spent more time on social media than, again, I care to admit. And it’s very common for me to see someone on vacation somewhere that I’d really like to visit, and that’s like a FOMO Factory.

The other aspect of FOMO that can be very toxic is when it makes me want to compare myself to others. Objectively speaking, I have a family that loves me (and I love them back). I’m in relatively good health, and I live in a decently affluent metropolitan area. I recently graduated magna cum laude from a moderately selective university, and I’m applying to graduate school to start this coming fall. From that standpoint, I should be a very happy person.

And yet, the Internet has ruined my mental health. Whenever I log onto Reddit, I constantly get bombarded by news that the sky is falling. Now, I’m not going to say everything is amazing - I don’t mean to be a Pollyanna, because it isn’t productive. 

After all, the second-largest city in one of the world’s most powerful countries is currently on fire. That same country recently elected a convicted felon who claims not to believe in climate change to be its President. Not only that, but the same convicted felon has been threatening to invade a country that’s long been allies with the United States. There are many other reasons Donald Trump should not have been elected, of course - the above is not an exhaustive list.

So no. Not everything is okay, and I think we need to be talking about how not okay the world is. That being said, spending 12 hours a day, 7 days a week, online is never good for anyone’s mental health, least of all mine. The line I should be a very happy person resonates with me today more than ever, as I fly home from my recent vacation in Colorado.

Speaking of comparison, let’s talk about Reddit. Every so often, there’s a post on the Pics subreddit about Australia’s third-largest airline, which is apparently the Royal Flying Doctors of Australia. The caption for that article is invariably that this “airline” has never charged a passenger throughout its nearly 100-year history. And invariably, this is meant as a dig at the United States, which famously does not have universal health insurance.

Australia’s Royal Flying Doctor Service treating a patient in a remote part of the country. Image taken from r/Pics.

Again, I’m not going to minimize the hell many people in this country go through as a result of the health insurance industry. It is a barbaric, for-profit system that deserves all the condemnation it gets online and in real life. The way many Redditors have reacted to the recent assassination of Brian Thompson at the hands of Luigi Mangione has only highlighted this system further.

A wise man once told me that comparison is the thief of joy. There are only two emotions it can result in. You might be smug if you believe you’re superior to someone else, or you might feel inadequate if you believe you’re inferior. 

Okay, I’ll admit it - that wise man is my father.

In all seriousness, one question that frequently comes up is this: If Americans are all so upset at the lack of universal health insurance, why aren’t there any mass protests? Those who have never lived in the United States probably don’t understand why we haven’t burned the whole country to the ground over this issue, and truth be told, sometimes I don’t either.

That being said, I live in Massachusetts, which is by any objective standard a pretty good place to live. At least, for now. On the Human Development Index, Massachusetts would be tied for fourth place with Hong Kong as of 2022. Only Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland are considered more “developed” than Massachusetts by this metric. Maybe I should identify more with my state than my country.

But let’s get back to the point. I constantly wish I lived in a country I could be proud to call myself part of. National pride is not the only thing that matters in life, of course, and by the standards of most people throughout human history, I have it good. It’s mostly the Internet that has convinced me otherwise.

For now, I have my family. I might still have a bright future even if my country doesn’t. But I’m just sick of constantly being made fun of online and feeling responsible for the hell Donald Trump is about to unleash.

Those two facts will go to war at some point, and I know which side I’d rather see emerge victorious.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Early Winter Chapter 1

I figured that as long as I was paying for this domain, I might as well host my new story here as well. I’ll do my best to finish this one. Word count of Chapter 1 is 2,196.

Evening had arrived in the Wellesley household, and the home’s middle-aged man and woman (who made up both halves of a perfectly Biblical marriage) had settled in for the news broadcast.

Now, when I say news broadcast, most people will likely picture a mainstream channel with those annoying talking heads who try to normalize everything the President says. After all, that President gave the media their highest ratings of all time, so why wouldn’t CNN et al be in the tank for him?

However, Mr. and Mrs. Wellesley were far from satisfied by the mainstream media. Even Fox News, which some might call a “gateway drug” to the greater “patriotism” of other channels, was not sufficient. Instead, the farmers from rural Alabama sat on their ratty old sofa, Mr. Wellesley downing a Miller Lite every ten minutes.

“When is Weldworth going to get to the good part, dammit!” Mr. Wellesley barked, banging his fist against the arm of the sofa. “We pay good money for our cable package!”

“Dad, nobody watches cable anymore,” their daughter, Rosemary, pointed out quietly.

“Clearly not nobody, because we do” Mr. Wellesley replied. “But we’re not going to be sheep. We’re not followers. Just because the rest of the world is switching to streaming doesn’t mean we have to.”

“But you’d save money doing it” Adam, the couple’s son, piped up. “If we didn’t have to spend so much money for the sake of a few channels we never use, we could…”.

Mrs. Wellesley clicked her tongue. “That doesn’t mean it’s worth it. Again, there’s a reason we don’t conform to this world. That’s because this world is not the goal for any of us.”

Adam sighed quietly. Not for the first time, he wondered if he’d been born on the wrong planet. Whenever his parents mentioned that all they wanted to do was worship Jesus Christ for all eternity, Adam wanted to roll his eyes.

“Oh, there we are!” Mr. Wellesley exclaimed in between chugs of beer. “Here he comes!”

A man (who was probably on the wrong side of middle age) appeared on screen. His hair stuck straight up as though he enjoyed sticking his fingers in light sockets, and he gave what many of Adam’s classmates would have called a “shit-eating grin.”

Not that I’d ever be allowed to use such language.

“Good evening, America!” the anchor announced. “My name is Charles ‘Upchuck’ Weldworth, and let me tell you - you’ve been chucked!”

That was the craziest thing about OAN. It wasn’t just that Weldworth and the other talking heads parroted such insane conspiracy theories. Rather, it was that these people seemed to have no self-awareness whatsoever. Who the hell calls themselves “Upchuck” and doesn’t expect to be totally ridiculed?

“You see, today’s the first day of the new presidency! And it’s a new morning in America! Some would even say it’s an American sunrise, isn’t it?

Mr. and Mrs. Wellesley gave massive whoops, the former smiling even more widely than the man on screen. By contrast, neither of their children betrayed any such amusement.

“That’s right! After four years of stagflation under President Fiddlesticks, that demented old man who can’t keep from shitting himself, we’re seeing a resurgence in national pride! All over the world, from the Netherlands to the Philippines, America’s being respected again!”

Ugh. If only.

“I’m happy I’m not drinking Bud Light!” Mr. Wellesley announced proudly. “I would never spend a cent on that woke beer!”

“What if someone else bought it for you, then asked you to drink it?” his wife enquired.

“Then I’d shove it up their ass and tell them it’s a conspiracy! That’s because it is! The woke liberals are a disgrace to this country, they are the enemy of the people, and they deserve nothing but hell!”

Upchuck Weldworth cleared his throat. “Now it’s time to play a glorious song that reminds us just how lucky we are. We live in America, the greatest country in the history of the world, and that’s a damn fact!

“So now let’s stand for what might as well be our national anthem - ‘The Chosen One’ by Natasha Owens!”

The room in which Weldworth stood vanished from the screen, to be replaced by a music video featuring the newly elected President of the United States. 

As Adam listened to the song, he struggled to hold back his recent dinner of grits and country ham. The song started by clarifying that the new President was not something divine, even if he got in trouble “bigly” on regular occasions. Even if he was controversial, the song alleged, a perfect God could use people who were anything but for His purposes.

Couldn’t God have picked anyone else besides a convicted felon? Like, LITERALLY ANYBODY ELSE?

“That’s right!” Mr. Wellesley barked. “Our new President is in fact the chosen one!”

The scene then shifted to an image of those people whom the singer claimed were persecuting the President. Apparently the nation was under attack from the southern border, and Andreas Fiddlesticks hadn’t been the real President during his tenure. 

In other words, the song was what Adam’s classmates would have called “Cuckoo for Cocoa Puffs”, except that Cocoa Puffs were considered too “woke” for the Wellesley children to consume. Adam wanted to chuck a remote at the TV, but he knew that doing so would lead to a punishment of Biblical proportions (no pun intended).

Rosemary sighed. “This song is insane!”

Mrs. Wellesley turned to her daughter. “Rosemary, that is blasphemy. The President is the chosen one, and there’s no doubt about that. He won, and you know it.”

“Yes, he did win,” Rosemary replied. “But that doesn’t mean I have to be happy about it.”

“Shut up!” her father exclaimed, and that’s when Adam knew there would be hell to pay. When Mr. Wellesley got angry, he thrust himself into a fit of blind rage, sometimes to the point where he’d yell incoherently at the sky. 

“But you’re not supposed to say that…”.

“I can say whatever the hell I want, Rosemary! Unlike how this country would be if the Democrats had been allowed to steal the election, we have freedom of speech! Besides, I bet the next thing I know, you’re going to rant and rave about Pokémon cards…”.

Adam frowned. “I wasn’t going to mention them.”

“Don’t interrupt your sister, Adam!” Mr. Wellesley bellowed, downing another couple swig of beer. “What truly matters is that kids these days are being brainwashed!”

“For once, I agree with your father” Mrs. Wellesley continued.

“For once?” Maybe you two aren’t as compatible as you might have thought when you got hitched in Vegas. It’s almost as if a few drinks over a poker table isn’t enough to know whether a marriage will last.

“Pokémon cards are Satanic” Mr. Wellesley proclaimed. “They are of the devil. And as much as that company Nintendo loves to pretend that they are exclusive, do you know what’s truly exclusive and invaluable?”

Neither Adam nor Rosemary needed to offer a response. It was light-years beyond obvious what their father would say next.

“Your eternal souls, children. Your God-given eternal souls are more important than ephemeral fantasies like Pokémon. For all I know, you’ll both want to turn into Pokémon one day, and then our society will really go down the tubes.”

It was then that Adam remembered an old story he’d once heard about the boy who cried wolf. It pertained to a boy who worked on a farm and “joked” about there being wolves when there weren’t any, which ultimately meant that the shepherds didn’t believe him when he spoke the truth later. In other words: If you gain a reputation for being a liar, don’t be surprised if nobody takes you seriously anymore.

Much like the farmhand in that ancient fable, every time Mr. Wellesley announced that America’s youth were heading for pure degeneracy, Adam had learned to take it with a grain of salt. Of course, given whom his parents had voted for in the most recent election, perhaps it was the older generation that had lost its way.

“I need a break from this” Adam announced, stepping up from an armchair that had seen better days.

“No way!” his mother exclaimed. “Evening is OAN Family TV Time™, and you can’t skip it! Don’t you support family values, like spending time together?”

Adam would have loved to lecture his parents about “family values” right then and there, but he knew it would get him nowhere. Besides, he truly did not want to spend another minute in the presence of these zealots who were supposed to be his parents.

“I’m just going for a walk,” Adam insisted. “I’ll be back before bedtime.”

“But what if a migrant from the southern border comes to our farm and kidnaps you?” Mr. Wellesley asked. “That’s far more likely to happen at night, and if it does come to pass, the police won’t be able to help you.”

“Dad, we live on a farm, with a giant fence. I’m sure I’ll be safe.”

Before his parents could object any further, Adam stepped out into the January evening. The night air was chilly, even in the Deep South, and the boy could almost see his own breath in the automatic light.

He had no destination in mind at first. However, his legs seemed to move on autopilot, propelling him forward on his way to the stables. 

It was Adam’s job to clean the stables every day, no matter how filthy they may have become. Consequently, he’d basically grown numb to the smell of manure, not to mention the way the hay and dust tickled his nose. Just like any other uncomfortable situation, exposure was the way you grew accustomed to it.

Opening the stable’s doors, Adam was struck by just how different it was compared to his living room. Yes, he might have resided in that house with his parents and sister, but in his mind, the stables were truly home.

One of the horses, a Palomino named Jack, stood in the corner of the stables, whinnying uncomfortably as he saw Adam approach.

“I’m not going to hurt you, pal,” Adam insisted. 

Jack paused, sizing up the boy for the moment. Then, the horse seemed to smile.

“I said, I’m not going to hurt you.”

Adam need not have clarified this again, because the horse visibly calmed down after that. Jack gestured at his designated area, which contained numerous strands of hay strewn all over the ground.

“It was a rough day,” Adam admitted. “Mom and Dad…well, you know how they are.”

This was a common occurrence. Whenever Adam spent time alone with the horses, he liked to speak to them. It didn’t matter that the animals couldn’t speak English (or any other language the boy would be able to recognize). Something about the horses’ demeanor made Adam feel like they understood him more than his parents.

They probably think I’m mentally ill. And maybe I am. But I’m going to do what feels good, in the words of one of my favorite musicians.

“They were watching Upchuck Weldworth on TV. Honestly, that show makes me want to upchuck, because that man’s just so insane. He keeps talking about mental institutions being emptied out into the country. I would literally go nuts if I had to watch another few minutes of that stuff.” (Adam was careful not to use the word shit, because he worried it might make Jack feel disrespected).

“They probably think I belong in one of those institutions” Adam continued. “They think I’m crazy, even if the actual word is neurodivergent. But that doesn’t mean there’s anything wrong with me.”

Jack sighed, a very loud noise that a city slicker would have been alarmed by. To a farm boy like Adam, however, it was the sort of sound one could fall asleep to.

“I might spend the night here if you don’t mind.”

The horse didn’t seem to object, not that he could use anything resembling words. A slight whinny was all it took for Adam to be convinced the answer was yes.

Adam selected a bed of hay just outside Jack’s designated area. Unless the horses decided to make a break for it in the middle of the night, the boy had no reason to fear getting trampled. And if that did happen (which there was no reason to think it would), his parents would have far greater problems on their hands.

As he curled up into the fetal position, Adam tried to forget the indignity of what he and his sister had been forced to watch with their parents. He tried to forget how infuriating he found his mother’s homeschool curriculum, which included fresh venom each day. And he tried to forget the notion that God above wanted him to suffer.

Maybe there’s still Something out there, the boy told himself. Maybe It’s not so judgmental as my parents want me to believe It is. And maybe there’s still hope for an oddball like me.

Little did Adam know, however, that when he woke up, everything would be very different.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Internet vs. Information

In the grand scheme of things, there was a time not long ago when you would get your news from the paper. You would subscribe to your local media outlet for a small fee, and the newspaper would be delivered to your door. You could rest assured that the articles you read were of the highest possible journalistic standards - they were in the New York Times, after all!

Nowadays, it’s a little different. The Internet, particularly social media, has fundamentally altered the way we consume our information. For instance, the barrier to posting something that could be considered “news” is far lower than it used to be. Instead of going to journalism school and earning your place on an editorial board, all you have to do is make an account on whatever social media site you desire and repost an article to your followers.

A screenshot from a presentation I gave in October 2024 about the impact of the Internet on news.

The Internet has jeopardized the ability of newspapers to remain competitive. After all, you have the latest news at your fingertips that costs you nothing financially (though it may cost you your mental health). In fact, more than a quarter of U.S. news outlets that existed in 2005 had shut down by 2022. This has been linked to an increase in political polarization, because it focuses most coverage on national news. 

Anecdotally, while I like to think I pay a lot of attention to news in the United States (because I’m terminally online), I barely know what’s going on in my own city. That’s a pretty damning indictment of the mainstream media, isn’t it? 

Let me expand on the topic of polarization with an example. Let’s take Jon Tester, who, as of the day I’m posting this, is no longer a United States Senator from Montana. Tester, a Democrat who served three terms in the upper chamber, was first elected against a scandal-plagued incumbent in 2006, back when scandals still mattered electorally for Republican candidates. Nowadays, we’re all numb to this shit.

In 2012, even when Mitt Romney carried Montana by more than 13 percentage points, Tester was able to win reelection by focusing on his own accomplishments. Because local media in Montana was far more robust than it is now, people who voted Republican for President that year were more aware of a reason why they might vote for Tester on the same ticket. He presented himself as a hard-working dirt farmer who could resonate with his state’s voters.

Former U.S. Senator Jon Tester (D-MT) working on his farm. Image taken from Tester’s Wikipedia article.

Tester sought a fourth term in 2024. By that time, as this July 2024 article from The Nation points out, local media in Montana had significantly withered away. These small outlets, which would previously devote considerable time to discussing Tester’s accomplishments on veterans’ affairs or public land conservation, in many cases no longer exist. They’ve been replaced by talk radio or Fox News, which were all too eager to remind voters that Tester was a Democrat, and that anyone who votes for Trump should also vote against Tester. 

It didn’t matter that his opponent, Tim Sheehy, lied about shooting himself in a national park. It didn’t matter that Sheehy made highly offensive remarks about Native Americans. Many Trump voters in Montana didn’t know Sheehy had done those things, or else they didn’t care. And Tester lost by just over 7 percentage points. 

Of course, the Montana Senate race was not the only election impacted by the decline in local media. All over the country, millions of voters had no idea what the hell was going on. To provide a particularly egregious example, searches for “did Joe Biden drop out” skyrocketed in swing states on November 5.

Now, I don’t know about you, but I remember watching the June 27 presidential debate with my mother and my terminally ill Bouvier des Flanders. I remember watching Biden struggle over his words, and I remember the existential dread I felt as I saw Trump tell horrendous lie after horrendous lie, and Biden let him get away with it. 

When July 21 came around, I was on my couch on the front porch, isolating myself from the rest of my family because I’d tested positive for COVID. I was talking on a Discord server when I got a ping from a mod, stating that Biden had indeed dropped out. Sure enough, the 46th President had released a statement and all that.

Joe Biden’s letter announcing his withdrawal from the 2024 presidential election. Image taken from the New York Times.

After Trump won the November 5 general election, I was not only shocked and disgusted, but I was also baffled. How could so many people not know that Biden had withdrawn from the race? It was one of the biggest news stories of the year, capping off a chaotic 24 days in American politics! And yet, so many people didn’t know it had happened.

It gets worse than that. Inflation is commonly cited as a reason why Biden was so unpopular - people were willing to vote for fascism just because eggs were a couple cents more expensive. But inflation was far worse in Europe, in large part because that continent has suffered more economic impacts from the war in Ukraine. And yet in most European countries, Trump would be lucky to get 10% of the vote, if he were allowed to run at all!

I could go on and on about how uninformed so many people in this country are. In fact, the Google search trends in the days following the election speak for themselves. And of course, Elon Musk’s ownership of Twitter (which I now call Xitter, pronounced “shitter”) hasn’t exactly helped matters. He’s altered the algorithm to promote right-wing, hateful content above all else, and I recommend anyone who values humanity to jump ship to BlueSky.

However, I hope I’ve demonstrated that the Internet is part of the problem. It’s somewhat ironic, too. Twenty or so years ago, the general consensus even among academia was that the Internet, this superhighway of information that could document the sum total of all human knowledge, would all but negate the propagation of conspiracy theories and falsehoods. Surely nobody could go on believing that the Earth was flat, or that climate change was a hoax, or that nobody died at Sandy Hook, when there was so much publicly available evidence to the contrary.

It feels as though we’ve opened Pandora’s Box, but all hope is not yet lost. We have to accept, however, that the mainstream media (not to mention social media) isn’t going to save us. Given that much of the mainstream media is already bowing down to Trump in advance, we have to do it ourselves.

That’s where I come in. The main reason I continue to maintain this blog is because journalism is an essential resource even now. We can still use digital technologies for good, but we need to understand that the Internet has been part of the problem just as much as it’s been part of the solution. 

That’s why I urge you all to subscribe to my newsletter and spread the word. Thank you.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Why I Support NEIC

Unofficial flag of New England.

New England is that six-state region in the northeastern corner of the United States. It’s clearly defined as consisting of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is the region I’ve called home for all but one year of my life, and it’s somewhat different from the rest of the country.

The population of New England, as of the 2020 census, was about 15.1 million, spread out over an area of about 72,000 square miles, meaning that the population density is roughly 210 people per square mile. That’s more than enough for a functioning country, and in fact many of the world’s most prosperous nations (such as the Nordics) have fewer people than that. 

As for the geography, it’s also relatively diverse. Far from being one big forest, the region also contains some of the country’s best beaches (even if the water isn’t nearly as warm as in the hellhole known as Florida), as well as mountains that reach a peak of over 6,000 feet above mean sea level. The cuisine is also varied, from lobster rolls to clam chowder to cranberry products.

Of course, there are also cities such as Boston, known as one of the most innovative and progressive cities in the United States. That’s why the state of Massachusetts has a Human Development Index of 0.956. As of 2022, if it were an independent nation, Massachusetts would be tied for 4th in HDI with Hong Kong. Only Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland would rank higher.

As nice as it is in New England, however, we can’t escape the fact that New England is part of the United States. This country elected Donald Trump, convicted felon and power abuser extraordinaire, to be President once again, and for that we cannot be forgiven. During the next four years, Trump is going to take a sledgehammer to all our alliances, persecute the most vulnerable American civilians, and generally make life a living hell for those who oppose him. 

However, Trump is not the only danger. He would only be a 78-year-old demented man yelling on the Internet if not for the fact that half the country was willing to vote for him. And with Project 2025 right around the corner, he’s likely to invade blue states in order to carry out his mass deportations and fire on those who protest his agenda. The Kyle Rittenhouse precedent says you can literally get away with murder under the right circumstance.

Yes, New England is the best region of the U.S., but that’s like saying you have the best-smelling outhouse. Again, we can’t escape the reality that we’re subject to the jurisdiction of the Trump regime…or can we?

It’s for this reason that I’m announcing my support of the New England Independence Campaign, or NEIC for short. This movement advocates for the secession of these six states in order to form an independent nation of 15 million people.

Many will say that this isn’t possible, or that the Constitution prohibits it. First of all, just because the Constitution says something is illegal doesn’t mean it carries any consequences whatsoever. I mean, look at this:

The January 6, 2021 United States Capitol attack, which should have gotten Trump disqualified from running for President in 2024. This shows the Constitution may as well be toilet paper.

Furthermore, many of the Founding Fathers owned slaves, and they sought to enshrine the right to do so in the Constitution. That’s another example of the country being built on white supremacy. If slavery were still de jure legal today, I highly doubt the Thirteenth Amendment would be passed to abolish it. We’re simply too polarized for the parties to agree on anything important enough to justify an amendment. 

This stands in stark contrast to other countries like France. In France, for instance, they amended the Constitution last year to enshrine abortion rights into the country’s legal code. They may not be a perfect country, but I like the idea of the Constitution being a living document that changes with the times when it’s warranted. And New England is in general a less polarized place than the rest of the USA.

Furthermore, Massachusetts abolished slavery in 1783, long before the nationwide abolition. In fact, this was half a century before Great Britain, our former colonizer, abolished slavery in their own empire. (They did so in 1834). The state was also a center of the abolitionist movement and played a key role in the Union’s victory in the Civil War. Speaking of the Civil War, if slave-owning Southern states could secede from the country just because they wanted to keep owning black people as property, New England can do the same for a far more progressive reason.

Now, I’m not going to say New England is immune from the political insanity that plagues America. We still have our fair share of gun violence, as events like Sandy Hook (2012) and Lewiston (2023) remind us all too well. We still have to pay far more than we should for health care - but that’s the rest of the country’s fault, not ours. 

Furthermore, every state swung rightward in 2024, and although Massachusetts went for the Harris-Walz ticket with over 61% of the vote, this was a decrease from the 65.6% Biden won in the state in 2020. But what makes New England saner than the rest of the country is not just because it’s bluer, but also because of ranked-choice voting.

You see, ranked-choice voting has been found to reduce political polarization. This shouldn’t be much of a surprise, since most people who voted for Harris were really voting against Trump. But if people could vote third-party without wasting their precious ballot, this might allow other political parties to form and genuinely compete with the current duopoly. 

Maine already has ranked-choice voting. While Massachusetts voted against it in 2020 (because somehow people became convinced that “ranked-choice is less choice”), I think there’s reason to believe that if more attention were on Maine, voters in other New England states could right this wrong. Moreover, if New England were its own country, and RCV was passed at the national level, that’d be even better.

Before I move on from the topic of polarization, I want to make one thing clear: I’m not saying both sides are the same. That’s clearly not true. But so much of American politics feels like a sporting event rather than a serious conversation about what policies should be passed to benefit people. That’s a culmination of where polarization has driven us - off the deep end of insanity.

Of course, “if New England were its own country” is doing some heavy lifting here. At the time of writing, the New England independence subreddits are still relatively small, though they might grow exponentially if Trump succeeds in many of his horrendous goals. It will take a massive movement for leadership in these six states to even entertain the thought of secession. But the question I have is this: Can we afford NOT to?

In the words of John Lennon: You may say I’m a dreamer, but I’m not the only one. A New England unencumbered by the rest of the shithole that is the United States of America could be the prosperous, successful nation that I know we can become. If Marjorie Taylor Greene wants a national divorce, I’m more than happy to sign the papers.

The time has come. Let’s cast away the USA and build a civilized society.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

This Is Exactly Who We Are

It’s the end of the year again, and I have little doubt that many people are celebrating. After all, that’s what they always do this time of year, with traditions such as the Ball Drop in Times Square. Lots of people will stay up until midnight to watch it turn from 2024 to 2025.

However, I don’t really feel like celebrating this year. From the other side of the year divide, we’re a lot closer to Donald Trump becoming President again and all the hell that will entail. If anything, I’m dreading the new year. That being said, this isn’t the purpose of today’s blog post.

I recently saw a post on BlueSky that I’ll link here . It basically argues that those people waving Confederate flags and swastikas (a symbol that’s come to represent one of the most horrific events in Europe’s history) aren’t “real Americans”. The poster asserts that “we literally had a war about each of these things.”

It’s incredibly tempting to believe that these asshats waving Confederate flags and wearing Nazi shirts are going against what the country is supposed to represent. I would rather not believe that I live in a country based on hate as opposed to love for our fellow citizens. Moreover, I think many of us would love to think events like Charlottesville are an aberration.

Political cartoon from the Boston Globe.

There’s just one problem, however: It’s not true. 

Now, I don’t want anyone reading this to believe I’m defending those who brandish symbols associated with hate. On the contrary, I think their views are despicable and have no place in a supposedly civilized society. Unfortunately, I also believe that we need to contend with the world as it is, not how we might like it to be.

This leads me to my thesis: The hateful ones represent our country more accurately than those protesting against them.

The reality is that the United States was built upon white supremacy. Many of the Founding Fathers, a bunch of white men that a great number of people (not all of them conservative Republicans) love to admire, endorsed this view. A decent percentage of the 1787 Constitution’s signatories owned slaves.

Even after the United States officially became independent from Great Britain, systemic racism didn’t end. In fact, it got worse, to the point that some on Reddit believe things would have been better if America lost its revolution. But that’s beside the point for now.

Eventually, the country fought a civil war over slavery. Now, lots of people even now will tell you the civil war was about states’ rights, but the important question is: A state’s rights to do WHAT? The answer, of course, was “to keep black people as property.” The Civil War was the deadliest conflict in American history (and the deadliest event period until the COVID-19 pandemic), with over 600,000 soldiers and an unknown number of civilians losing their lives.

It’s helpful to contrast the United States with another country that has a dark history: Germany. I don’t need to remind you what the German government was responsible for in the 1930s and 1940s, but there’s a key difference between Germany and the country across the Atlantic that played an important part in defeating them: There are no Nazi monuments today in Germany. In fact, there are laws against symbols associated with the movement, and even if you don’t face legal consequences for admiring Hitler as a “skilled leader”, you’ll still face social consequences for sure.

Robert E. Lee memorial carved into Stone Mountain, Georgia, USA. Nothing like this exists in present-day Germany.

Officially, American slavery ended in 1865, but the Jim Crow laws mandating things like racial segregation and poll taxes sprang up like poisonous mushrooms not long afterward. It’s worth noting that most of the Confederate monuments in the South today were built not during the Civil War or immediately afterward, but rather during this era. They were meant to make certain people feel a certain way, despite what Marjorie Taylor Greene might think.

It took a hundred years after de jure slavery ended for the Civil Rights Acts to be passed, and today’s Supreme Court is taking a sledgehammer to them. Even before SCOTUS became 6-3 Republican, however, systemic racism was alive and well in this country. We have near-constant stories of police brutality, for one, and there are more subtle examples such as redlining, which leads to many majority-black neighborhoods living in neighborhoods with higher levels of environmental pollution.

Let’s go back to the Germany example. What many people don’t know is that the Nazis got lots of ideas from the United States. Now, the U.S. is not entirely to blame for the events in Europe - the perpetrators of the Holocaust knew what they were doing and made a constant, conscious choice to continue doing it. But we also need to remember that what happens in America does not exist in a vacuum, especially when the ability to get information up to the minute is far more pronounced now than it was in the 1940s.

So what I hope I’ve demonstrated here is that systemic racism has always existed in the United States, long before Donald Trump entered politics. When Trump said that the Charlottesville Unite the Right rally in 2017 had “very fine people on both sides”, lots of commentators on the left were very quick to insist that this is not who we are. America is a country of immigrants, they say, and we celebrate diversity.

Needless to say, the 2024 election begs to differ. Of course, we also need to acknowledge that even if Trump hadn’t won, none of these problems would have been solved. That’s not to say that they won’t get worse in the next four years, of course. But if we want to prove that we’re not a deeply racist country, we have to earn that reputation rather than constantly asserting that it exists. 

Because it doesn’t.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Americans Have Blood On Their Hands

Emergency vehicles surround the wreckage of Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 near Aktau Airport in Kazakhstan.

Unless you’ve been living under a rock for the last few days, you’ve likely heard that an airliner crashed in Central Asia on Christmas morning. The flight, numbered as J28243, was scheduled to travel from Baku, Azerbaijan (GYD) to Grozny, Russia (GRV), a short, routine trip across borders. However, it diverted to Aktau, Kazakhstan (SCO) and crashed there, killing more than half the occupants.

Following the crash, two competing narratives have emerged from the Russian authorities. One is that due to fog at Grozny, it wasn’t safe to land there, so they had to divert. That, of course, raises the question of why they would risk flying all the way across the Caspian Sea to an entirely different country. The other narrative is that it was a bird strike, but even a relatively small plane like this one wouldn’t crash just because it hit a few birds. In other words, this is highly suspicious, particularly due to the holes on the plane consistent with artillery fire.

My condolences go out to the families of all those on this flight. According to Wikipedia, slightly more than half the passengers were of Azeri nationality , with others from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia. Azerbaijan has declared a day of mourning, and I don’t blame them. However, this is eerily similar to something that happened ten years ago.

The image above is of a highway in the Netherlands, which was otherwise closed to traffic when the 298 victims of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 were being driven to their final resting place. It’s probably different in Europe, particularly in the Netherlands, but I feel like Americans forgot about this tragedy pretty quickly. 

In case you forgot what happened, Russian-backed separatists (read: Russia) in eastern Ukraine shot the civilian airliner down with a Buk surface-to-air missile. I can’t imagine what it must have been like in those final moments on that plane as…you know what, I don’t want to imagine it. But sometimes I feel a moral obligation to.

Now, since the MH17 tragedy, civil aviation authorities have learned some things. For instance, you shouldn’t be flying a civilian airliner over an active war zone. However, it seems the American public have not learned their lesson.

On July 17, 2024, to mark the tenth anniversary of the shootdown, I posted the above image on the Pics subreddit. One of the top comments was reminding U.S. redditors to remember that Trump supports Putin, and by extension “this drama”, and to “vote wisely.” At the time, like probably much of Reddit, I was a bit annoyed by how every other post seemed to be linked back to American politics, even if it’s warranted. But in hindsight, I feel like this message wasn’t emphasized enough.

Now, I voted for Harris. If we could run the election again, I would vote for her as many times as it took for her to win. But the fact remains that half the electorate voted for Trump, and he won. And now Vice President Trump (because let’s be honest, Elon Musk is effectively President) is likely to stop aiding Ukraine, and might even aid Russia. Given that Trump has threatened to invade some of our allies already, I think it’s at least conceivable he drafts Americans to fight for Russia in Ukraine.

An image Donald Trump posted on social media threatening to invade Canada.

Let’s get back to the crash that occurred yesterday as of the time of writing. Evidence suggests it was not an accident at all, but rather that Russia knew it was a civilian airliner and deliberately shot it down. It’s a wonder that any passengers survived, and the pilots of Azerbaijan Airlines are heroes for saving as many lives as possible. But I can’t help but feel that this wouldn’t have happened at all had Harris won the election.

Think about it. If Kamala Harris had emerged victorious, that would have sent a signal to Vladimir Putin that NATO would not stop aiding Ukraine any time soon. Therefore, Putin would have less incentive to order attacks on civilian aviation. To be clear (and I can’t believe I have to say this), even if he did have “incentive”, it would still be a despicable act of violence that has no place in a modern world.

But Trump voters enabled this. They have the blood of 38 deceased victims on their hands, and many of the survivors have severe injuries that will require a long, arduous recovery process. They were willing to hand Putin not only Ukraine, but civilian aviation, on a silver platter, and they were willing to do it just because they thought eggs might be cheaper. There is no bottom for Republican politicians, and there’s also no bottom for the voters who enable these politicians to keep selling our allies out.

If there is ever an accounting for what will happen over the next four years, more heads than Trump’s must swing (not literally, of course - I’m vehemently against the death penalty). Half the U.S. population are traitors of the highest order, and they need to pay for what they’ve done to global stability. The only problem is that I don’t know how to make them pay.

In the meantime, as the mainstream media sucks up to Trump (along with most of the Dumbocrats in Congress), I am a dissident. I will not obey. And my goal is to make the lives of Trump voters a living hell over the next four years. 

So join me. Please.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

What’s In A Center Of Population?

In the realm of demographics, the term “center of population” refers to the position on a map in which the average person within a country or region lives. I find this concept quite fascinating because it deals with factors that drive both population growth and human migration within a country. 

Technically, there are three different definitions of the center of population. This is according to Wikipedia. You’ve got the mean center, or “centroid”, which asks you to imagine a flat map of the region in which you place an equal weight for each person on the map. In this case, where does the map balance? This is the definition most commonly used, so it’s the one I’ll go with here.

Aerial view of Hartville, Missouri, United States - image taken from the NOAA government website.

The above image is of a relatively unassuming small town in southwestern Missouri. From the sky, it looks like just another Ozarks community. However, what is special about Hartville is that according to the 2020 United States census, it is the closest town to the average location of the United States population. What is more relevant to the study of population trends in the country, however, is the direction this centroid has moved over time.

From this Wikipedia page , we can see that the center of population was in Texas County, Missouri as of the 2010 census, roughly 12 miles from the 2020 centroid. On average, this centroid has traveled west by southwest at a rate of roughly 2 or 3 miles a year for the last thirty years. This isn’t all that much in the grand scheme of things, but it paints a fairly clear picture as to where Americans are moving. 

It should be noted that this is not a new trend; the centroid has generally shifted west and south throughout the country’s history, ever since the first census in 1790. The first question we should ask is this: Why are so many Americans moving away from the East Coast?

Here’s an anecdote for you all. I’m from an East Coast state, Massachusetts, where young professionals are leaving at a rapid rate - a WGBH survey earlier this year found that about a quarter of such people did not intend to remain in Greater Boston for the long term. In fact, according to Wikipedia, Massachusetts lost a net of about 160,000 people to other states between 2020 and 2024, a higher raw number than all but four other states and a higher relative rate than all but six states. 

So why is that? Well, here’s a visual of the biggest reason:

Anecdotally, there’s a lot of construction of single-family homes going on in suburban Massachusetts. During my undergraduate studies, every time I visited my childhood home, it seemed as though another dozen lots had been sold, torn down, and were to be replaced by homes that were grander than what stood there previously. In other words, it’s about housing costs - they’ve simply become too prohibitive for many of the people who might like to live here.

Now let’s talk about states that have benefited from this domestic migration. Florida and Texas top the list. It can probably be presumed that some people are moving there for the nice weather. Now, I don’t consider heat and humidity to be “nice weather”, and I actually think Boston has the best climate of any major U.S. city. But that’s just me.

And then there’s Arizona. Arizona, specifically the Greater Phoenix area or the “Valley of the Sun”, has grown at an impressive rate considering its location. Perhaps it is indeed the quintessential American city given how little the developers cared about urbanism. Despite the impending lack of water, and despite constant warnings from climate scientists that the city may be uninhabitable by century’s end, people and businesses still flock there. And the cost of living isn’t even that low anymore!

Thumbnail for Yellowstone, Season 2 taken from Rotten Tomatoes.

Another beneficiary of this domestic migration is Montana. On a per capita basis, it has the third-highest rate of net domestic migration, and as with Florida, a common political narrative is that tens of thousands of people moved there the last few years because they were fed up with COVID restrictions.

These new residents have been seen as a factor making the state’s politics redder, as the GOP completed their conquest of the state with Senator Jon Tester’s 7-point loss to Republican challenger Tim Sheehy. Fun fact: MT-SEN 2024 was the most expensive congressional election in US history relative to the number of votes cast - nearly $500 was spent for every vote.

Montana is still thinly populated. Despite its extensive land area, it only has about 1.14 million people, less than 8 per square mile. Nonetheless, this number is rapidly growing as more people are inspired by shows like Yellowstone to move to Montana and live out their cowboy fantasies. It’s a bit ironic, too, because from what I understand, Yellowstone is an allegory for how out-of-staters shouldn’t be moving to Montana and ruining it for the natives. And yet it’s contributed to the real-life gentrification of the state!

It is worth noting, of course, that the United States is not the only country with a center of population. I’m not going to engage in unnecessary “USDefaultism” here, so let’s look at this map from the CIA World Factbook:

As you can see, the point on Earth closest to the average person is in what appears to be northern Pakistan - it’s an average of about 3,000 miles to everyone else. Given how populated South Asia, and Asia in general, is, this isn’t much of a surprise. By contrast, the farthest point from each person is just off the western coast of Chile. That’s where you’d end up if you dug a hole all the way through.

So what are the takeaways from the center of population concept? Well, I think it’s a reminder that there are very real pressures driving people to move to certain parts of the world and not others. My own state’s center of population isn’t that far west of Boston (it’s in the town of Natick). This is of course not uniform - there are people who’d rather live in rural areas. They may not be a majority, but they exist. Still, over time, we should expect the urban percentage of the population to increase. 

Thank you for reading.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Why The Alps Are (Probably) More Popular Than The Rockies

There are many mountain ranges in this world, many of which offer stunning views and the potential for outdoor activities. Some of these have more tourism infrastructure than others. Two of the most famous ranges in this regard are the Alps, running across the spine of Europe from France to Slovenia, and the Rocky Mountains, which stretch from Northern Alberta all the way to New Mexico. 

Now, precise numbers about how many tourists visit the Alps as opposed to the Rockies are very difficult to come by. I do mostly cursory research for my articles, so I couldn’t be bothered to sift through endless academic journals to find exact statistics. The easiest stats to find are at the country level , meaning that it’s apples and oranges. 

However, most of what I’ve seen appears to suggest that the Alps are more popular with international tourists than the Rockies. In this post, I’ll examine a few reasons why that may be the case.

A photograph I took from Copper Mountain, Colorado in March 2024.

First of all, considerably more people live in Europe than North America - more than 740 million for the former as opposed to 590 million in the latter. The Alps are simply closer to more people than the Rocky Mountains. However, this is admittedly a crude way of looking at the question, so let’s look at it in terms of cities.

The largest city close to the Alps would be Munich, Germany, which has a population of almost six million in its metro area. There are also several decently-sized cities in Switzerland, Austria, Italy, and France that can qualify as being “in the Alps.” What I’m trying to illustrate here is that the Alps are located near multiple population centers that have airports and train stations. From Boston Logan, I can fly directly to Munich or Zurich and be there in about 7 hours, and then easily take the train to the Alpine town of my choosing.

By contrast, the Rockies are not as easily accessible to someone visiting from Europe. While one can fly to Denver from Frankfurt, Munich, Paris, or London, Denver is the only major U.S. airport close to the Rockies, and even then it’s a decent drive. And because Amtrak is a national shame, you will have to drive there yourself.

There are also the Canadian Rockies, in which case one can fly from any of the aforementioned four European cities to Calgary, Alberta. Some people, like Not Just Bikes, say that Via Rail, the main Canadian rail system, is even worse than Amtrak. There’s also the Rocky Mountaineer train, but that’s strictly for sightseeing, not for anyone who wants to get to their destination in any reasonable amount of time.

Even in the summer, driving in a country you don’t live in can be stressful, but the high mountain roads of the Rockies can become downright treacherous in the winter months. And that’s something you just don’t have to deal with in the Alps, because Europe has actually invested in its rail service.

Conditions are frequently like this on I-70 in Colorado in the winter.

Now let’s get to another factor, which is the culture of each region. The Alps are split between several countries; excluding the microstate of Liechtenstein, you’ve got Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland. As such, a trip to the Alps allows one to visit multiple countries in one go, and every country brings its unique culture to the table.

Meanwhile, the Rockies are only split between two countries, Canada and the United States. Now, many Canadians on Reddit will gladly tell you everything that makes their country culturally different from the United States, and they might well be correct where sanity is concerned. But the fact remains that a trip to the Rockies may not be as culturally enriching as the European alternative.

For instance, one important difference between the Alps and the Rockies is that in general, Alpine ski resorts were built around existing towns long before downhill skiing was a thing. These towns include, but are not limited to, Val d’Isere and Chamonix in France, Sankt Anton am Arlberg in Austria, and any number of locations in Switzerland. Because of this, there’s a lot more traditional Alpine architecture in Europe.

By contrast, most of the “villages” surrounding ski resorts in the United States and Canada were purpose-built just to serve the resort. One example is Vail, which was clearly built to evoke the capital-A Alpine charm, but just ends up looking so artificial. That’s because it is. And I don’t fault anyone who decides they’d rather visit a town that appears authentically European because it’s actually in Europe.

Vail Village in Colorado, United States. Image taken from East West Hospitality.

Val d’Isere, France. Image taken from the Alpinium Ski Resort Guide.

Now let’s talk about the elephant in the room, which is the political situation in the United States. Obviously this doesn’t apply as much to potential visitors to the Canadian Rockies, but the American Rockies might see a decrease in tourism in light of the reelection of Donald Trump to the U.S. presidency. I think that, in the context of how alpine tourism will be impacted by climate change, some people will boycott the United States due to their electing a climate denier to the highest office in the land.

Even if Trump hadn’t won, though, gun violence would remain a concern. The United States has a much higher crime rate than almost anywhere in Europe, certainly in terms of violent crime. Quite a few countries have issued travel warnings against us, and for good reason. But to be clear, our reputation is in the toilet, and we deserve it. 

Now, how many people who otherwise wanted to visit the United States will boycott it just because Trump won? I truly don’t know. It was reported in 2018 that $4.6B in tourist revenue was lost under his first presidency. That is a relatively small fraction of the total, of course, and it’s not like a gradual decline in international tourism is going to tank the American economy on its own. But I think it’s a notable barometer of where sentiment is at.

The U.S. Embassy in London after Just Stop Oil protestors vandalized it with orange paint.

In conclusion, those are a few reasons why tourism to the Rockies is generally less than that to the Alps. They are both stunning mountain ranges, but one is more accessible than the other, one is more culturally rich than the other, and one has a more favorable political situation than the other. Of course, a lot of this is conjecture - if anyone reading this wants to offer their own theories, they are welcome to do so. 

Thank you for reading. 


Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Phoenix Is The Quintessential American City

During Trump’s first term, we were the only country in the world to reject the Paris Agreement, and we will surely be again. Now, the Paris Agreement does not go far enough, and there’s no real enforcement mechanism even for countries that remain in said agreement, but at least the rest of the world is doing something as opposed to less than nothing.

No matter how much evidence we get that we need to change our policies, whether it’s on gun violence, health care, or the environment, we continue to stick our heads in the sand and deny, deny, deny that something needs to be done differently. As a society, we tend to believe that we can throw as much money as we need at a problem, and it’ll just go away. 

And there is perhaps no place that’s a better example of this cultural mindset than the “city” of Phoenix.

Golf courses in suburban Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Image taken from Thrillist.

Historically, major cities have been constructed on or near bodies of water for a number of reasons. Water is essential for life, and access to the sea is invaluable for any political entity. The four largest cities in the United States are all near the water. You have New York (Atlantic Ocean), Los Angeles (Pacific Ocean), Chicago (Lake Michigan), and Houston (Gulf of Mexico). 

Phoenix is the fifth-largest city proper in the country, and it’s a major outlier. Instead of being near a major body of water, it’s in the middle of the desert, reliant largely on groundwater in order to sustain itself. Per Wikipedia, the city has a hot desert climate with an average July high of 106.5°F (41.4°C)! And that’s the average daily maximum - in practice, there are often dozens of days a year where the high rises above 110°F. In fact, there’s a famous cartoon scene in which a character states that Phoenix should not exist.

The city proper has a population of about 1.6 million people, but the metropolitan area, the definition some people prefer to use, is estimated to contain about five million people as of 2022. That’s a 3.5% increase from 2020, which is more than a 20-fold increase from 1940. And it’s not called the “Valley of the Sun” for no reason! 

So why did Phoenix get so massive? Well, the start of the city’s rapid growth was around the end of World War II in 1945. Things were looking pretty good for the United States economically at that point, as many places in Europe had to rebuild post-war. Additionally, air conditioning became far more commonplace around that time, which made it more comfortable to live in the desert. 

Peggy Hill once said Phoenix was a monument to man’s arrogance, and I tend to agree. After winning the largest military conflict in human history, America wanted to flex its muscles. The planners probably thought “If we can win World War II, we can build a metropolis in the desert!” With this newfound superpower status, they figured that if you threw enough money at this project, it could work. And, well, it depends on what you mean by “work.”

Homelessness in Phoenix, Arizona. Picture taken from r/UrbanHell.

To be clear, Phoenix is not the only city in the country facing a housing crisis, nor is the United States even the only country with this issue. However, when increasing housing costs coincide with a hot desert climate that’s only going to get hotter, and is indeed already doing so, you have a recipe for real trouble. 

Some people have asked how homeless people manage to survive the extreme temperatures in places like Phoenix. The sad answer is that some of them don’t. In 2023, Maricopa County (anchored by Phoenix) lost some 645 people to heat-related causes, and 290 of these victims were homeless. We can talk all day long about how hazards like extreme heat exacerbate existing injustices, but homelessness is not the only problem facing Phoenix.

Consider the first photo in this post. Despite the lack of water, Arizona is a very popular golf destination. In the winter, the weather is seen as perfect. It’s pleasantly warm but not scorching, and it rarely rains because it’s still a desert. I’m not a golfer, but I’d imagine that’s the sort of weather conducive to that sport.

There’s just one problem, which is water. Namely, the lack thereof. In June 2023, Arizona Governor Katie Hobbs declared that new subdivisions could not be planned in Phoenix due to the water shortage. The majority of the region’s water supply comes from groundwater, which isn’t an infinite resource, and it takes many human lifetimes to replenish. And yet, people continue to flock to the region for the low cost of living and the nice winters.

A golf course in Buckeye, Arizona. Picture taken from the New York Times.

Golf tourism has been controversial in Arizona in recent years. At a time when water shortages partly induced by climate change have gained increased attention globally, and residential areas are sometimes told to reduce their use of water at home, the golf courses very often remain green all year round. And that takes water, an essential resource anywhere that is especially precious in a place without much of it.

Recently I was reading a thread on r/FuckCars about golf and how bad it can be for the environment, and one of the users made a great point. For obvious reasons, nobody goes to Iowa expecting to surf. So why should people go to Arizona and expect to play golf? Golf is for climates with more water security - it was invented in a country with a reputation for rainy weather.

Finally, let’s talk about sprawl. It’s no secret that American cities have a reputation for being car-dependent and sprawling. This stereotype is completely accurate - the relatively few cities that are walkable, such as New York, Chicago, and my beloved Boston, are very often expensive places to live. But I don’t think there’s any American city that exemplifies sprawl more than Phoenix. Just look at it.

All of this is Phoenix. Image taken from the Britannica website.

Now, as bad as things may be in Phoenix, as much as I might say that the city “should not exist”, the fact remains that it does exist. Indigenous peoples lived in the area now known as the Valley of the Sun many centuries ago - there are rivers near it. But not millions of them. Even so, there are steps the city can take to mitigate the uneven impacts of extreme heat.

This Vox video from a couple years ago was pretty fascinating. The dark gray pavement that comprises so much of Phoenix absorbs heat like you wouldn’t believe, whereas tree cover makes a noticeable difference in the opposite direction. 

Currently, Phoenix classifies trees as private property, meaning that anyone wishing to grow trees to cool their neighborhood down must use their private resources (i.e. their own money) to do so. Consequently, wealthier neighborhoods whose residents can afford to plant and maintain trees in the desert heat contain far more tree cover. More affluent regions of Metro Phoenix such as Scottsdale and Paradise Valley have abundant shade - it’s still very hot, but shade does help! And if the authorities classified vegetation as infrastructure, then public funds would be used to maintain them, meaning that (in theory) their distribution would be more equitable around the city.

In the end, though, we have to be honest with ourselves. As it stands right now, I think the necessary changes are unlikely to be made any time soon. This “monument to man’s arrogance” will remain standing.

But not only is it a monument to man’s arrogance, it’s also an illustration of how those with any power in America always look at the evidence staring them right between the eyes and pretend not to see it. Truth be told, because it’s so unsustainable and is only getting more so, Phoenix is the quintessential American city.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

Australia’s Social Media Ban: My Thoughts

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese speaks about the proposed social media ban. Image taken from Reuters.

Unless you’ve been living under a rock recently, there’s a good chance you’ve heard that Australia has passed a law that would ban people under 16 from using social media. I understand that it’s not my country, so I don’t have too much skin in the game. Still, what happens in one country doesn’t always stay there.

Whenever I’ve seen discourse about this ban online, one of the biggest talking points I’ve noticed is that it would be impossible to enforce this ban. But I’m not sure that’s true.

After all, I spend a lot of time on the social media platform known as Discord. In fact, probably too much time. Discord has a hard and fast requirement that all users be at least 13 years of age. If you admit to being under that age, you’ll be swiftly banned from all your servers and probably reported to Trust and Safety. And from what I’ve read, the Australian law puts the onus on the platforms to regulate themselves.

First of all, let’s look at the facts. The ban applies to five sites: Snapchat, TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, and Xitter. And yes, I call Elon Musk’s platform Xitter, pronounced “shitter.” Because ultimately, that’s what it is these days. 

In any case, only sites for which one requires an account to use will be affected. Websites like YouTube, which you can browse as a guest, are, according to the BBC, “unlikely to be banned.” And there’s a reason I cite the BBC here, because the United Kingdom is considering its own ban under terms similar to those used in Australia. Given that the UK and Australia are relatively influential countries on the world stage, it is at least conceivable that more countries will follow suit eventually.

Overall, I have mixed feelings about this sort of legislation. In all probability, it will never come to fruition in the United States, because the Democrats and Republicans aren’t likely to agree on anything so significant anytime soon. But that doesn’t mean I can’t have an opinion on it.

It has been well-documented that social media can have a negative impact on a person’s mental health. So much so, in fact, that the European Disability Forum felt the need to write an article about how young people should take care of their health in the digital world. I can certainly relate to FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out) whenever I see people on social media bragging about their epic vacations.

Let’s use TikTok as another example. Prior to Elon Musk’s purchase of Twitter, I would argue that it was the most harmful out of these five social media platforms that Australia is looking to restrict. For now, let’s leave aside the misinformation that’s sometimes spread there, such as trivializing autism. And yes, autism can be good sometimes, but still!

Have you ever noticed that the younger generation’s attention spans seem to be getting shorter and shorter in recent years? Anecdotally, there are many schoolteachers on Reddit who say that the children don’t learn as well as they used to. And yes, Reddit may not be real life, but I think there’s evidence to bear this out. Internet addiction is very much a real thing, and I think it both comes from and contributes to the societal need for constant stimulation. The short, to-the-point TikTok videos that are 60 seconds or less really feed into that, meaning that so many of us are just used to putting in no effort.

I’m 24 years old. I feel myself addicted to Discord much of the time, but I didn’t start using Discord (I’m making it sound like a drug, because it kind of is) until I was 16. If I’d started at fourteen or even thirteen, I might be even more addicted to the platform. After all, there’s plenty of evidence, including common sense, suggesting that it’s harder to break a habit you start at an early age.

As bad as its impact on the attention span is, social media’s impact on mental health through activities such as doomscrolling is even worse. Now, there’s a lot of wrong going on in this world; all you need to do is read one of my “Anti-America’s Top Ten Countdown” posts to know that. But as privileged as it might make me seem, I think I would be in a much better mood if I wasn’t on Reddit all damn day.

Moreover, social media is probably one reason I compare myself to others so much. It isn’t remotely healthy to do so, because you’ll either feel smug or incomplete, but it still happens. Even some of the things I’ve done in real life, as fun as they were, are things I chose to do because others on Discord said they were amazing.

That being said, I can also see an argument for not banning social media for those under 16. If we view social media as a drug like alcohol, I would argue that the U.S.’ policy surrounding the drinking age isn’t the healthiest. Here, you’re flat-out banned from drinking until you’re 21. Now, alcohol isn’t good for a still-developing brain at all, but in practice lots of people go all-out drinking on their 21st birthday.

By contrast, most of Europe has a far more nuanced approach to the drinking age, and I think it’s better. There, teenagers are taught to have a healthy respect for alcohol before they’re allowed to drink it whenever. And maybe social media is a lot like that. Maybe instead of banning these platforms for minors, we should have more media literacy lessons in schools so that the students know the potential downsides of social media.

This isn’t entirely a novel idea. For instance, Finland has a implemented media literacy curriculum for students in basic education. While I’m not privy to the specifics of what is covered (in fact, I’ve never been to Finland even as a tourist), I would imagine it discusses the perils of unchecked social media use. After all, as has been covered extensively, the barrier to posting a story that might be considered “news” is far lower than it once was.

Much like the Internet as a whole, social media is a proverbial Pandora’s Box that we aren’t going to be able to close. We’ll never be able to return to a world without it. Australia is trying one approach to dealing with this problem; the UK might follow suit. Meanwhile, Finland is evidently trying another. And the United States will probably do nothing, just like we did nothing after the horrific tragedy that occurred twelve years ago today. 

I’m curious to hear your thoughts.

Read More
Lucas Brigham Lucas Brigham

What Is The Alaska Of Your Country?

If you’re in the United States (or oftentimes, even if you aren’t), Alaska needs no introduction. It’s called the Last Frontier for a reason. 

Alaska was the 49th state to be admitted to the U.S. in 1959. At the time, the population was about 220,000 people according to Wikipedia. As of 2023, Alaska has a population of over seven hundred thousand people.This might sound like a dramatic increase, and it is, but it is still the third-least populous state overall. Its low overall population comes in spite of its expansive geographic area - it’s larger than Iran! And if it were an independent nation, Alaska would be bigger than all but sixteen countries.

Perhaps because of its isolation and outlier status in terms of population density, Alaska’s made quite the impact on popular culture. As a child, one of my favorite animated movies was Balto. I need to watch it again, come to think of it. That film was one reason my sister had always wanted to visit Alaska, a trip my family made in 2016.

It’s not just children’s movies that have put Alaska on the map. There are any number of reality shows that have done the same. There was that cringe-worthy series Ultimate Survival Alaska that ran for three seasons, essentially a poor man’s Amazing Race that was probably staged five ways from Sunday. Then there’s Alaska State Troopers, which I have not seen, but apparently documents the challenges experienced by law enforcement in such a vast territory.

TV thumbnail for Ultimate Survival Alaska.

All of these statistics might make one wonder: Do other countries have their own version of Alaska? 

Obviously, not every nation has a polar region. For the sake of this article, “Alaska” can be seen as a metonym for a sparsely populated administrative division of a given country that is also relatively expansive in terms of area. Beyond the literal Alaska, as it turns out, quite a few countries have a figurative Alaska. 

Let’s look at Germany, a country I have a few online friends from. By population density, the German state ranked last is Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . It’s situated in the northeastern part of the country, bordering Poland and the Baltic Sea. Its capital is this beautiful-looking city called Schwerin that, according to Wikipedia, has just 96,000 residents. It probably feels somewhat like a small town, though how should I know? I’ve never been there.

Schlossbrücke in Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

Like many rural areas of the United States, it appears Schwerin is relatively right-wing in terms of its voting patterns. Now, for the most part, the right-wing in Europe is nothing like the Republican Party we have in America. However, the far-right AfD party won a 26% plurality of the vote, and roughly that percentage of seats, in the most recent city council election.

Another interesting fact I learned about Schwerin while writing this article is that it is the city with the highest crime rate in Germany. However, this statistic is somewhat misleading, because it’s the only city in the country where riding public transit without a ticket is counted in the crime statistics. 

Of course, calling Mecklenburg-Vorpommern the Alaska of Germany is a relative term. Its population density is 69 people per square kilometer as of the end of 2018, and it has possibly grown since then. For frame of reference, that’s nearly twice the population density of the United States as a whole.

Aerial view of Niseko, Hokkaido, Japan. Image taken from the Niseko Tourism website.

Now let’s talk about Japan. It’s another beautiful country that I had the honor and privilege of visiting about two years ago now. That vacation was mostly a ski trip in the Hakuba Valley region of Nagano Prefecture. Not only is it a gorgeous place, but the food is amazing - the apple juice tasted like real apples! 

In all seriousness, Japan’s answer to Alaska is Hokkaido. It’s the northernmost prefecture and is relatively sparsely populated. Again, it’s all relative, as Japan has a much higher population density than the U.S. overall. Hokkaido’s capital is Sapporo, a city known for its beer and its annual snow festival.

This island is not only among the most sparsely populated parts of Japan, but it’s one of the snowiest places in the world, at least among those inhabited by any significant number of people. The city of Sapporo itself received almost five meters of snow in the average year between 1991 and 2020. And that’s just the largest city on the island, the place that likely has relatively hospitable winters compared to other parts of the prefecture.

Many other places on Hokkaido, such as the world-renowned ski area of Niseko, receive considerably more snow. In fact, Hokkaido in general is known for winter sports. Most of the ski resorts in Japan are fairly Westernized, but from what I’ve heard, Niseko is quite popular with Australian tourists. It’s to the point where you’ll hear “G’day mate” more often as a greeting than “Konichiwa”. 

So Hokkaido is undoubtedly the Alaska of Japan. However, at 61 people per square kilometer, it’s still denser than the United States’ average, and way denser than Alaska. I’ll go with a third example of “it’s all relative.”

Kayangan Lake, Coron Island, a popular tourist attraction in Palawan. Image taken from Wikipedia.

The third case we’ll look at is Palawan. It’s the westernmost province in the Philippines, itself a very densely populated country. Palawan is the largest province by area, as well as having the third-lowest population density if the provincial capital of Puerto Princesa is excluded.

As you can probably tell from the image, Palawan has a vastly different climate from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Hokkaido, or especially Alaska. It is what many consider a tropical paradise, and it contains several popular resort cities like Coron and El Nido. Supposedly it’s one of the world’s best places for scuba diving.I’ll admit scuba diving isn’t really my thing; skiing is more my sport. But lots of people scuba dive in Palawan.

The “tropical Alaska” parallels don’t stop there. Palawan is sometimes referred to as the Philippines’ “last frontier” due to its biodiversity and relative isolation from the rest of the country. It’s relatively difficult to reach from more densely populated islands in the archipelago; most travelers have to fly from Manila or Cebu to Puerto Princesa, then possibly take a 6-hour bus ride to El Nido. Coupled with how far away the Philippines already are from the eastern U.S., my rear end is getting sore just thinking about a trip I haven’t even planned to take.

Overall, one thing I find fascinating is that many of these “miniature Alaskas” their respective countries are popular tourist destinations. I don’t know how many people visit Mecklenburg-Vorpommern for leisure, especially those traveling to Germany from thousands of miles away. But Hokkaido is well-known for ski tourism, and Palawan gets a considerable number of scuba divers and other tourists who love the beach. I’d imagine many of the latter’s visitors are from elsewhere in the Philippines, but still.

I think there’s something to be said about visiting places with relatively sparse populations. Yes, there are many reasons why a majority of the world’s population lives in cities. There are economic pressures leading to population growth, cities have more resources that people need, and it’s even more environmentally friendly to live in a city. 

Perhaps, however, the reason so many of these “Alaskas” are tourist destinations is the novelty. If I could travel to an exact replica of Boston in Europe, I would rather just stay at home. It’s the same reason you shouldn’t get McDonald’s as a tourist in Japan; wouldn’t you rather eat something you can’t get so easily at home? People ideally travel for something different from what they’re used to.

Read More